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Temporal diversity changes among 198 Nordic bread wheat landraces and cultivars detected by retrotransposon-based S-SAP analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 May 2008

Shu-Chin Hysing ,
Torbjörn Säll ,
Hilde Nybom ,
Erland Liljeroth ,
Arnulf Merker ,
Simon Orford  and
Robert M. D. Koebner
Shu-Chin Hysing*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp-Balsgård, Sweden
Torbjörn Säll
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Hilde Nybom
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp-Balsgård, Sweden
Erland Liljeroth
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp-Balsgård, Sweden
Arnulf Merker
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp-Balsgård, Sweden
Simon Orford
Affiliation:
John Innes Centre of Research, Colney Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
Robert M. D. Koebner
Affiliation:
John Innes Centre of Research, Colney Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
*
*Corresponding author. shu-chin.hysing@ltj.slu.se
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Abstract

The sequence-specific amplified polymorphism (S-SAP) method was used to genotype 198 Nordic bread wheat landraces and cultivars from the 19th to the 21st centuries. It was shown that the Sukkula-9900-LARD retrotransposon primer was highly suitable for resolving closely related wheat materials. Cluster analysis was generally consistent with pedigree information and revealed a clear separation for growth habit but not for countries. A principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed a separation into different time periods (before 1910, 1910–1969 and 1970–2003). These results are consistent with the breeding history and pedigree information, indicating that little hybridization has occurred between winter and spring wheat, in contrast to frequent exchange of germplasm between the Nordic countries. Estimates of gene diversity, the PCoA results, and changes in band frequencies across time indicate that plant breeding has led to substantial genetic shifts in Nordic wheat. Diversity was reduced through selections from landraces during the early 20th century, followed by a period of relatively lower genetic diversity, and a subsequent increase and net gains in diversity from the late 1960s onwards through the use of exotic germplasm. Thus, an anticipated loss of overall genetic diversity was found to be negligible, although allele losses have occurred at specific loci.

Keywords

genetic diversityNordicretrotransposonS-SAPwheat
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 6 , Issue 2 , August 2008 , pp. 113 - 125
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2008

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