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Themenschwerpunkt/Theme Articles

Epidemiologie, Familiarität und Genetik der Zwangsstörung

Themenschwerpunkt

Published Online:October 15, 2007https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-4747.55.4.219

Abstract

Zusammenfassung: Zahlreiche epidemiologische Studien der letzten Jahre haben weltweit eine Lebenszeitprävalenz der Zwangsstörung von 1-3 % ermittelt. Es findet sich in der Allgemeinbevölkerung eine leicht erhöhte Erkrankungsrate bei Frauen. Aktuelle kontrollierte Familienstudien zeigen eindeutig eine familiäre Transmission der Zwangsstörung auf. Diese Befunde deuten, zusammen mit einigen allerdings methodisch schwächeren Zwillingsstudien, auf eine genetische Erkrankungsdisposition hin. Zahlreiche genetische Assoziationsstudien sind bislang bei der Zwangsstörung mit zumeist inkonsistenten Befunden durchgeführt worden. Gerade Kandidatengene des serotonergen und dopaminergen Systems zeigten keine konsistenten Assoziationen. In methodisch optimierten aktuellen Studien zeigten sich viel versprechende Assoziationen zu Polymorphismen des Glutamat-Transportergens (SLC1A1) und des OLIG2-Gens (Oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2). Methodische Implikationen für zukünftige genetische Untersuchungen bei der als ätiopathogenetisch heterogen imponierenden Zwangsstörung werden diskutiert.


Epidemiology, Familiality and Genetic Findings in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Abstract: During the last years, epidemiological studies have confirmed a worldwide lifetime-prevalence rate of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) of 1-3 %. In general population samples a female preponderance is found in most of the studies. Recent controlled family studies have clearly demonstrated a familial transmission of OCD. Acknowledging findings from twin studies, these data support a genetic contribution to the predisposition for OCD. Numerous genetic association studies have been conducted so far. However, especially candidate genes of the serotonergic and dopaminergic system have failed to archive robust replications in OCD. In some recent studies applying optimized methodological strategies, associations between interesting polymorphisms of the glutamat-transporter gene (SLC1A1) and the OLIG2-gene (Oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2) and OCD have been found. Methodological implications for future directions of genetic investigations in OCD will be discussed addressing also the heterogeneity of OCD.

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