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Themenschwerpunkt

Changes in Exposure to Secondhand Smoke and Smoking Behavior

Veränderungen in der Passivrauchexposition und im Rauchverhalten nach Einführung der Nichtraucherschutzgesetze in Deutschland

Published Online:November 18, 2010https://doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911/a000048

Abstract

Aims: This study examines exposure to secondhand smoke and smoking behavior in the German general population before and after the introduction of new smoke-free laws in 2007 and 2008. Methods: Data came from the 2006 and 2009 German Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA). A propensity-score-matched subsample of n = 7,412 subjects between 18 and 64 years was used for the analysis. We employed multinomial logistic regression to examine changes in exposure to secondhand smoke at work, during leisure time, and at home among nonsmokers between 2006 and 2009. Logistic and ordinary least square regression were used to address changes in cigarette smoking prevalence and number of cigarettes smoked among smokers. Results: Exposure to secondhand smoke at work and during leisure time was substantially reduced in 2009 compared to 2006. The number of cigarettes smoked decreased in the same time period. No changes were found for exposure to secondhand smoke at home and cigarette smoking prevalence. However, sensitivity analysis revealed a moderate stability of the results for exposure to secondhand smoke at home and number of cigarettes smoked. Conclusions: Results indicate that smoke-free laws constitute an important step forward in the protection of nonsmokers in Germany. However, our findings suggest that specific preventive measures are still needed to reduce cigarette smoking prevalence.


Ziele: Ziel dieser Studie ist die Erfassung von Veränderungen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung nach Einführung der Nichtraucherschutzgesetze zwischen 2007 und 2008. Methode: Datengrundlage sind die Erhebungen von 2006 und 2009 des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurveys (ESA). Für die Analysen wurde eine auf Grundlage von propensity scores ausbalancierte Substichprobe von n = 7,412 Personen im Alter zwischen 18 und 64 Jahren verwendet. Veränderungen zwischen 2006 und 2009 in der Passivrauchexposition von Nichtrauchern am Arbeitsplatz, während der Freizeit und zuhause wurden mittels multinomial logistischer Regression untersucht. Veränderungen in der Zigarettenrauchprävalenz und der Anzahl gerauchter Zigaretten innerhalb der letzten 30 Tage wurden mit logistischer bzw. linearer Regression erfasst. Ergebnisse: Die Passivrauchexposition am Arbeitsplatz und während der Freizeit verringerte sich zwischen 2006 und 2009. Auch die Anzahl gerauchter Zigaretten nahm ab. Passivrauchexposition zuhause und Zigarettenrauchprävalenz blieben unverändert. Die Sensitivitätsanalyse zeigte jedoch für die Passivrauchbelastung zuhause und die Anzahl gerauchter Zigaretten nur eine moderate Stabilität. Schlussfolgerung: Nichtraucherschutzgesetze stellen einen wichtigen Schritt für den Nichtraucherschutz in Deutschland dar. Die Ergebnisse deuten jedoch auch darauf hin, dass die Reduktion der Zigarettenrauchprävalenz spezifische Präventionsmaßnahmen erfordert.

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