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Vertebrate reproductive science and technology
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Comparative analysis of milk microRNA in the therian lineage highlights the evolution of lactation

Christophe Lefèvre A B C D , Pooja Venkat B C D , Amit Kumar D , Vengamanaidu Modepalli A and Kevin R. Nicholas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0366-0031 E F G
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Geelong, Vic. 3220, Australia.

B Division of Bioinformatics, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic. 3052, Australia.

C Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia.

D Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic. 3000, Australia.

E School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia.

F Department of Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia.

G Corresponding author. Email: kevin.nicholas@monash.edu

Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31(7) 1266-1275 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD18199
Submitted: 11 July 2018  Accepted: 13 March 2019   Published: 24 April 2019

Abstract

Milk is a complex secretion that has an important role in mammalian reproduction. It is only recently that sequencing technologies have allowed the identification and quantification of microRNA (miRNA) in milk of a growing number of mammalian species. This provides a novel window on the study of the evolution and functionality of milk through the comparative analysis of milk miRNA content. Here, milk miRNA sequencing data from five species (one marsupial (tammar wallaby) and four eutherians (human, mouse, cow and pig)) have been retrieved from public depositories and integrated in order to perform a comparison of milk miRNA profiles. The study shows that milk miRNA composition varies widely between species, except for a few miRNAs that are ubiquitously expressed in the milk of all mammals and indicates that milk miRNA secretion has broadly evolved during mammalian evolution. The putative functions of the most abundant milk miRNAs are also discussed.

Additional keywords: evolution, lactation, mammals, milk, miRNA.


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