Relations between sorption behavior and electrokinetic remediation effect in soils contaminated with heavy metals
Zhemin Shen A , Bingxin Ju A , Xuejun Chen A and Wen-hua Wang A BA School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road Minghan, Shanghai 200240, China.
B Corresponding author. Email: whwang@sjtu.edu.cn
Australian Journal of Soil Research 46(5) 485-491 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR07177
Submitted: 4 November 2007 Accepted: 16 June 2008 Published: 5 August 2008
Abstract
Adsorption–desorption is an important mechanism for controlling metal mobility in soil and has a large effect on remediation efficiency. Very little research has examined the relations between heavy metal sorption behaviour and electrokinetic (EK) remediation effect. Four typical soil samples in China (Chernozem, Fluvisol, Yellow brown earth, and Purple soil) were studied. Adsorption isotherms were fit to Freundlich equations. EK removal ratios in the 4 soils were: Purple soil > Yellow brown earth > Fluvisol > Chernozem. Results show that the influencing characteristics significant to Cd EK removal order as follows: total organic carbon (TOC) > 1/n (Freundlich constant) > clay ratio > K (Freundlich constant) > cation exchange capacity > background pH. When 1/n (Freundlich constant) increases by 0.124 or TOC increases by 0.858 g/kg in soils, EK removal ratio (%) of Cd decreases by 1.0%. A ‘2-reactions’ mechanism during EK remediation is speculated, including rapid and slow reactions. Fast reactions are attributed to H+–M2+ exchange processes occurring on the surfaces of different inorganic phases and to the dissolution of the water-insoluble precipitates. Slow irreversible reactions refer to H+ ions exchanging with metal ions bound in the internal lattice sites and organic matter being oxidised by oxidants produced by electrochemical reactions. Slow reactions limit the EK remediation effect.
Additional keywords: soil, adsorption, electrokinetics, cadmium, remediate.
Acknowledgment
The authors acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20377028 and 28467001) for this study.
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