The WHO Global Database on iodine deficiency disorders: the importance of monitoring iodine nutrition

Abstract

Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable brain damage in childhood. Iodine nutrition has improved worldwide during the last decade due to the existence of cost-effective prevention measures such as iodization of salt. In all countries with a previous history of iodine deficiency regular monitoring of iodine nutrition is important to ensure effective and sustainable control. Country data on urinary iodine and goitre are compiled in the WHO Global Database on iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) to monitor iodine status on a global level. Monitoring and evaluation has improved over the last decade but many countries have still not implemented national monitoring systems. The information available in the database shows that iodine deficiency is still a public health problem in 54 countries. The database intends to draw the attention to iodine deficiency control, to encourage governments and international organizations to strengthen efforts and collaboration s among the partners involved in IDD control, in particular the health authorities and the salt industry and to allow a comparison of iodine status between countries and regions. Keywords: global monitoring; goitre; iodine deficiency disorders; school aged children; urinary iodine