1887

Abstract

Abstract

Eight unidentified fish pathogens and 10 strains received as “,” “,” and were compared with the type strains of all previously described species in the genera and and with seven species by determining levels of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) relatedness (SI nuclease method) and by performing phenotypic tests. The name sp. nov. is revived for a DNA relatedness group comprising eight strains that are 75 to 100% related to strain TG 39/87 and 0 to 8% related to all of the other species studied. These strains produce flat rhizoid colonies which adhere to agar, show strong gliding movement, absorb Congo red, reduce nitrate to nitrite, and produce HS. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA is 32 mol%. The type strain is strain NCMB 2248 (= ATCC 23463). The name sp. nov. is revived for a DNA relatedness group comprising seven strains that are 90 to 100% related to strain NCMB 1947 (T = type strain) and 0 to 5% related to all of the other species studied. These strains produce circular, convex colonies that have regular or spreading margins and do not adhere to agar, show very slow gliding movement, do not absorb Congo red, do not reduce nitrate, and do not produce HS. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA is 33 mol%. The type strain is strain NCMB 1947. Both and produce the flexirubin type of pigments, are strongly proteolytic, and do not hydrolyze (or produce acid from) any carbohydrate. (three strains) was shown to constitute a DNA relatedness group that is 0 to 8% related to all of the other species tested. Furthermore, this organism can be differentiated by phenotypic tests. The presence of in Europe is shown for the first time.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-39-3-346
1989-07-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/39/3/ijs-39-3-346.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-39-3-346&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Amend D. F. 1982; Columnaris (Flexibacter columnaris) disease of freshwater fishes and a brief review of other flexibacterial diseases of fish. 139–151 Anderson D. P., Dorson M., Dubourget P. Antigens of fish pathogens. Symposium International de Talloires Collection Fondation Marcel Mérieux; Lyon:
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Anacker R. L., Ordal E. J. 1955; Study of a bacteriophage infecting the myxobacterium Chondrococcus columnaris. J. Bacteriol. 70:738–741
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Becker C. D., Fujihara M. P. 1978 The bacterial pathogen Flexibacter columnaris and its epizootiology among Columbia River fish. A review and synthesis. Monograph no. 2 American Fisheries Society; Washington, D.C.:
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bernardet J. F. 1989; “Flexibacter columnaris”: first description in France and comparison with bacterial strains from other origins. Dis. Aquat. Org. 6:37–44
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Borg A. F. 1960; Studies on myxobacteria associated with diseases in salmonid fishes. J. Wildl. Dis. 8:1–85 (Two microcards.)
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Brenner D. J., McWhorter A. C., Leete Knutson J. K., Steigerwalt A. G. 1982; Escherichia vulneris: a new species of Enterobacteriaceae associated with human wounds. J. Clin. Microbiol. 15:1133–1140
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Callies E., Mannheim W. 1980; Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness of some menaquinone-producing Flavobacterium and Cytophaga strains.. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J. Microbiol. Serol. 46:41–49
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Campbell A. C., Buswell J. A. 1982; An investigation into the bacterial aetiology of “black patch necrosis” in Dover sole (Solea solea L.). J. Fish Dis. 5:495–508
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Davis H. S. 1922; A new bacterial disease of fresh-water fishes. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 38:261–280
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Davis H. S. 1946; Care and diseases of trout. Research report no. 12. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Washington, D.C.:
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Garnjobst L. 1945; Cytophaga columnaris (Davis) in pure culture: a myxobacterium pathogenic to fish. J. Bacteriol. 49:113–128
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Grimont P. A. D., Popoff M. Y., Grimont F., Coynault C., Lemelin M. 1980; Reproducibility and correlation study of three deoxyribonucleic acid hydridization procedures. Curr. Microbiol. 4:325–330
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Holmes B. 1987; International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Flavobacterium and Cytophage-like Bacteria minutes of the meeting, 10 September 1986, Manchester, England. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol 37:301
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Holmes B., Owen R. J., McMeekin T. A. 1984; Genus Flavobacterium. 353–360 Krieg N. R. Bergeys’ manual of systematic bacteriology 1 The Williams & Wilkins Co.; Baltimore:
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Humphrey B. A., Marshall K. C. 1980; Fragmentation of some gliding bacteria during the growth cycle. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 49:281–289
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Leadbetter E. R. 1974; Order II. Cytophagales nomen novum. 99 Buchanan R. E., Gibbons N. E. Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 8th ed.. The Williams & Wilkins Co.; Baltimore:
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lewin R. A. 1974; Flexibacter polymorphus, a new marine species. J. Gen. Microbiol. 82:393–403
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Lewin R. A., Lounsbery D. M. 1969; Isolation, cultivation, and characterization of flexibacteria. J. Gen. Microbiol 58:145–170
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Mandel M., Lewin R. A. 1969; Deoxyribonucleic acid base composition of flexibacteria. J. Gen. Microbiol. 58:171–178
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Marmur J., Doty P. 1962; Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal dénaturation temperature. J. Mol. Biol. 5:109–118
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Ordal E. J., Rucker R. R. 1944; Pathogenic myxobacteria. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 56:15–18
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Owen R. J., Hill L. R., Lapage S. P. 1969; Determination of DNA base compositions from melting profiles in dilute buffers. Biopolymers 7:503–516
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Pacha R. E. 1968; Characteristics of Cytophaga psychrophila (Borg) isolated during outbreaks of bacterial coldwater disease. Appl. Microbiol. 16:97–101
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Paster B. J., Ludwig W., Weisburg W. G., Stackebrandt E., Hespell R. B., Hahn C. M., Reichenbach H., Stetter K. O., Woese C. R. 1985; A phylogenetic grouping of the Bacteroides, cytophagas, and certain flavobacteria. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 6:34–42
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Reichenbach H., Dworkin M. 1981; Introduction to the gliding bacteria. 315–327 Starr M. P. et al. The prokaryotes 1 Springer-Verlag; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Reichenbach H., Dworkin M. 1981; The order Cytophagales (with addenda on the genera Herpetosiphon, Saprospira, and Flexithrix). 356–379 Starr M. P. et al. The prokaryotes 1 Springer-Verlag; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Richards R. H., Roberts R. J. 1978; The bacteriology of teleosts. 183–204 Robers R. J. Fish pathology Bailliere Tindall; London:
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Schneider R., Nicholson B. L. 1980; Bacteria associated with fin rot disease in hatchery-reared Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:1505–1513
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Shewan J. M., McMeekin T. A. 1983; Taxonomy (and ecology) of Flavobacterium and related genera. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 37:233–252
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Skerman V. B. D., McGowan V., Sneath P. H. A. 1980; Approved lists of bacterial names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:225–420
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Wakabayashi H., Hikida M., Masumura K. 1984; Flexibacter infection in cultured marine fish in Japan. Helgol. Meeresunters. 37:587–593
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Wakabayashi H., Hikida M., Masumura K. 1986; Flexibacter maritimus sp. nov., a pathogen of marine fishes. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 36:396–398
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Wayne L. G., Brenner D. J., Colwell R. R., Grimont P. A. D., Kandier O., Krichevsky M. I., Moore L. H., Moore W. E. C., Murray R. G. E., Stackebrandt E., Starr M. P., Triiper H. G. 1987; Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Reconciliation of Approaches to Bacterial Systematics. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:463–464
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-39-3-346
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-39-3-346
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error