Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
Online ISSN : 1347-5215
Print ISSN : 0918-6158
ISSN-L : 0918-6158
Regular Article
Urban Aerosols Induce Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production in Macrophages and Cause Airway Inflammation in Vivo
Tokuyuki Yoshida, Yasuo Yoshioka, Maho Fujimura, Hiroyuki Kayamuro, Kohei Yamashita, Kazuma Higashisaka, Ryosuke Nakanishi, Yuki Morishita, Hiromi Nabeshi, Takuya Yamashita, Masashi Muroi, Kenichi Tanamoto, Kazuya Nagano, Yasuhiro Abe, Haruhiko Kamada, Yuichi Kawai, Tadanori Mayumi, Norio Itoh, Tomoaki Yoshikawa, Shinichi Tsunoda, Yasuo Tsutsumi
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Keywords: inflammation, urban aerosol, bronchoalveolar lavage, inflammatory cytokine, nuclear factor-κB
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2010 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 780-783

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Abstract

Urban air pollution, especially in developing countries, is a crucial environmental problem. Urban aerosols may contain various kinds of substances and induce harmful effects such as allergic diseases. Therefore, it is critical to clarify the biological effects of urban aerosols on human health. In this study, we evaluated the induction of airway inflammation in vitro and in vivo due to exposure of urban aerosols. We investigated cytokine production and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation after stimulation of macrophage cells by exposure of urban aerosols. Urban aerosols were found to induce the production of interleukin (IL)-8, tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1β on macrophage cells. In addition, we showed that NF-κB pathway regulated the urban aerosols-induced inflammatory cytokine response. Moreover, the intranasal administration of urban aerosols resulted in increases in the total cell number in bronchoalveolar lavage and infiltration of eosinophils in lung tissue. These results indicate that urban aerosols induce respiratory inflammation and onset of inflammatory disease due to an activation of the immune system.

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© 2010 The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
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