Creteuchiloglanis, new genus, is established for three species previously placed in Pareuchiloglanis (P. gongshanensis, P. kamengensis, and P. macropterus) and two new species described herein. Creteuchiloglanis is distributed in the upper Mekong River (Lancang-Jiang) basin west to the Brahmaputra River basin and is distinguished from Pareuchiloglanis by a unique combination of characteristics involving the form of the connection of the lower lip to the maxillary barbel, premaxillary tooth patches, and the morphology of the dilator, operculi, sternohyoideus, and adductor pelvicalis superficialis muscles. Creteuchiloglanis brachypterus, new species, from the upper Irrawaddy River basin in China, is diagnosed by a unique combination of characteristics involving pectoral- and pelvic-fin length, caudal-peduncle length and depth, pelvic-fin position, caudal-fin length, eye size, body and head depth, and coloration. Creteuchiloglanis longipectoralis, new species, from the upper Mekong River (Lancang-Jiang) basin, is diagnosed by a unique combination of characteristics involving pectoral- and pelvic-fin length, caudal-peduncle length and depth, pelvic-fin position, body and head depth, post-adipose fin distance, number of dorsal-fin rays, and coloration. New diagnoses are provided for previously described congeners C. gongshanensis from the upper Salween River (Nu-Jiang) basin, C. kamengensis from the Brahmaputra basin, and C. macropterus from the upper Irrawaddy River and upper Salween (Nu-Jiang) basins.