Moriconi, F., Christiansen, H., Raddatz, D., Dudas, J., Hermann, R. M., Rave-Fränk, M., Sheikh, N., Saile, B., Hess, C. F. and Ramadori, G. Effect of Radiation on Gene Expression of Rat Liver Chemokines: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. Radiat. Res. 169, 162–169 (2008).

The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of a single irradiation on chemokine gene expression in the rat liver and in isolated rat hepatocytes. RNA extracted from livers and from hepatocytes within the first 48 h after irradiation was analyzed by real-time PCR and the Northern blot assay. The chemokine concentrations in the serum of irradiated rats were measured quantitatively by ELISA. A significant radiation-induced increase of CINC1, IP10, MCP1, MIP3α, MIP3β, MIG and ITAC gene expression could be detected at the RNA level in the liver. CINC1, MCP1 and IP10 serum levels were significantly increased. In rat hepatocytes in vitro, only MIP3α showed a radiation-induced increase in expression, while CINC1, IP10, MIP3β, MIG, MIP1α, ITAC and SDF1 RNA levels were significantly down-regulated. However, incubation of irradiated hepatocytes in vitro with either TNF-α, IL1β, or IL6 plus TNF-α led to up-regulation of MCP1, IP10 and MCP1 or CINC1 and MIP3β, respectively. Irradiation of the liver induces up-regulation of the genes of the main proinflammatory chemokines, probably through the action of locally synthesized proinflammatory cytokines. The reason for the lack of liver inflammation in this model has still to be clarified.