Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2015, 60(10):443-451 | DOI: 10.17221/8524-CJAS

Characterization of greying, melanoma, and vitiligo quantitative inheritance in Old Kladruber horsesOriginal Paper

B. Hofmanová, L. Vostrý, I. Majzlík, H. Vostrá-Vydrová
Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

The paper deals with the greying process, melanoma, and vitiligo depigmentation occurrence in Old Kladruber horses (OKH). The study includes 376 animals of both sexes at the age of 1-25 years. The evaluation was performed repeatedly during 4 consecutive years. The greying status was measured spectrophotometrically on four body parts using L*a*b* colour system. Melanoma and vitiligo were detected visually and by palpation in all the animals and classified using 5 (3) grade scale. The GLM procedure of SAS package was used to examine the influence of the effects of line, age, sex, stud, and year of evaluation. The GLM analysis confirmed a significant impact of age on greying. Parameter L* showed progressive increase until 10 years of age when all horses reached final grey level. Subsequent analyses suggested the influence of sex, i.e. a notably higher level of greying in mares. The incidence of melanoma was confirmed. Melanoma in OKH most frequently occurs on the bottom of the tail or at the anal and perineal area. Probably only benign forms of melanoma have been detected. The global occurrence of melanoma in OKH (ca. 13%) is substantially lower than in Lipizzan and Camargue horses. Overall incidence of melanoma in horses at the age of 15 and older reached 68%. Genetic parameters were estimated for melanoma grade, grey level, and vitiligo. Greying is strictly influenced by age (h2 = 0.52 ± 0.07). Prevalence of melanoma progresses with age (h2 = 0.07 ± 0.04). Vitiligos of both facial and anal parts are influenced by the effects studied (h2 = 0.20 ± 0.05 and 0.34 ± 0.06 for vitiligo A and vitiligo F, respectively).

Keywords: pigmentation; skin neoplasm; heritability; genetic correlations; spectrophotometry

Published: October 31, 2015  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Hofmanová B, Vostrý L, Majzlík I, Vostrá-Vydrová H. Characterization of greying, melanoma, and vitiligo quantitative inheritance in Old Kladruber horses. Czech J. Anim. Sci.. 2015;60(10):443-451. doi: 10.17221/8524-CJAS.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Bertone J.J. (2006): Equine Geriatric Medicine and Surgery. Elsevier, St. Louis, USA.
    2. Curik I., Seltenhammer M., Solkner J. (2002): Quantitative genetic analysis of melanoma and grey level in Lipizzan horses. In: Proc. 7th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production, Montpellier, France, 19-23.
    3. Curik I., Seltenhammer M., Toth S., Niebauer G., Solkner J. (2004): Quantitative inheritance of the coat greying process in horse. In: Proc. 52th Annu. Mtg., European Association for Animal Production (EAAP), Bled, Slovenia, 316.
    4. Curik I., Druml T., Seltenhammer M., Sundstrom E., Pielberg G.R., Andersson L., Solkner J. (2013): Complex inheritance of melanoma and pigmentation of coat and skin in grey horses. PLoS Genetics, 9, e1003248. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Falconer D.S., Mackay T.F.C. (1996): Introduction into Quantitative Genetics. Longman, Harlow, UK.
    6. Fleury C., Berard F., Balme B., Thomas L. (2000a): The study of cutaneous melanomas in Camarque-type gray skinned horses (1): clinical-pathological characterization. Pigment Cell Research, 13, 39-46. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Fleury C., Berard F., Leblond A., Faure C., Ganem N., Thomas L. (2000b): The study of cutaneous melanomas in Camargue-type gray skinned horses (2): Epidemiological survey. Pigment Cell Research, 13, 47-51. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Futas J., Vychodilova L., Hofmanova B., Vranova M., Putnova L., Muzik J., Vyskocil M., Vrtkova I., Dusek L., Majzlik I., Horin P. (2012): Genomic analysis of resistance/ susceptibility to melanoma in Old Kladruber greying horses. Tissue Antigens, 79, 247-248. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Heizerling L.M., Feige K., Rieder S., Akens M.K., Dummer R., Stranzinger R., Moelling K. (2001): Tumor regression induced by intratumoral injection of DNA coding for human interleukin 12 into melanoma metastase in grey horses. Journal of Molecular Medicine, 78, 692-702. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Henner J.E. (2002): Molecular genetic studies on the coat colour inheritance in horses with special emphasis on Freiberger breed. PhD Diss. Zürich Univ. 119 p. Available from: http://aleph-www.ub.fu-berlin.de. (in German)
    11. Henner J.E., Poncet P.A., Guerin G., Hagger C., Stranzinger G., Rieder S. (2002): Genetic mapping of the G-locus, responsible for the coat color phenotype "progressive greying with age" in horses (Equus caballus). Mammalian Genome, 13, 535-537. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Horin P., Cothran E.G., Trtkova K., Marti E., Glasnak V., Henney P., Vyskocil M., Lazary S. (1998): Polymorphism of Old Kladruber horses, a surviving but endangered baroque breed. European Journal of Immunogenetics, 25, 357-363. Go to original source...
    13. Jakubec V., Vostry L., Schlote W., Majzlik I., Mach K. (2009): Selection in the genetic resource: genetic variation of the linear described type traits in the Old Kladrub horse. Archiv Tierzucht, 52, 343-355. Go to original source...
    14. Janova E., Futas J., Klumplerova M., Putnova L., Vrtkova I., Vyskocil M., Frolkova P., Horin P. (2013): Genetic diversity and conservation in a small endangered horse population. Journal of Applied Genetics, 54, 285-292. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Jeglum K.A. (1999): Melanomas. In: Robinson N.E. (ed.): Current Therapy in Equine Medicine. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, USA, 399-400.
    16. Jorjani H., Klei L., Emanuelin U. (2003): A simple method for weighted bending of genetic (co)variance matrix. Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 677-679. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Kovac M., Groeneveld E., Garcia-Cortes L.A. (2002): VCE 5, a package for the estimation of dispersion parameters. In: Proc. 7th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France, 33, 741-742.
    18. Locke M.M., Penedo M.C.T., Bricker S.J., Millon L.V., Murray J.D. (2002): Linkage of the grey coat colour locus to microsatellites on horse chromosome 25. Animal Genetics, 33, 329-337. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Pielberg G.R., Golovko A., Sundstrom E., Curik I., Lennartsson J., Seltenhammer M.H., Druml T., Binns M., Fitzimmons C., Lindgren G., Sandberg K., Baumung R., Vetterlein M., Stromberg S., Grabbher M., Wade C., Lindblad-Toh K., Ponten F., Heldin C.H., Solkner J., Andersson L. (2008): A cis-acting regulatory mutation causes premature hair graying and susceptibility to melanoma in the horse. Nature Genetics, 40, 1004-1009. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    20. Rieder S. (1999): Applied comparative genetics of melanoma using the horse as an example. PhD Diss. Zürich Univ. 132 p. Available from: https://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/view/eth:22891. (in German)
    21. Rieder S., Stricker C., Joerg H., Dummer R., Stranzinger G. (2000): A comparative genetic approach for the investigation of aging grey horse melanoma. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 117, 73-82. Go to original source...
    22. Rodriguez M., Garcia-Barona V., Pena L., Castano M., Rodriguez A. (1997): Grey horse melanotic condition: a pigmentary disorder. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 17, 677-681. Go to original source...
    23. Seltenhammer M.H., Simhofer H., Scherzer S., Zechner P., Curik I., Solkner J., Brandt S.M., Jansen B., Pehamberger H., Eisenmenger E. (2003): Equine melanoma in a population of 296 grey Lipizzan horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 35, 153-157. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    24. Seltenhammer M.H., Herre-Ress E., Brandt S., Druml T., Jansen B., Pehamberger H., Niebauer G.W. (2004): Comparative histopathology of grey-horse melanoma and human malignant melanoma. Pigment Cell Research, 17, 674-681. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Smith S.H., Goldschmidt M.H., McManus P.M. (2002): A comparative review of melanocytic neoplasm. Veterinary Pathology, 39, 651-678. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Solkner J., Seltenhammer M., Curik I., Niebauer G. (2004): Genetic relationship between speed of greying, melanoma and vitiligo prevalence in grey horses. In: Proc. 52 th Annu. Mtg., European Association for Animal Production (EAAP), Bled, Slovenia, 83.
    27. Sponenberg P. (1996): Equine Color Genetics. Iowa State University Press, Ames, USA.
    28. Swinburne J.E., Hopkins A., Binns M.M. (2002): Assignment of the horse grey coat colour gene to ECA25 using whole genome scanning. Animal Genetics, 33, 338-342. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Toth Z., Kaps M., Solkner J., Bodo I., Curik I. (2006): Quantitative genetic aspects of coat color in horses. Journal of Animal Science, 84, 2623-2628. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Valentine B.A. (1995): Equine melanotic tumors: a retrospective study of 53 horses (1988-1991). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 9, 291-297. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    31. Vostry L., Kracikova O., Hofmanova B., Czernekova V., Kott T., Pribyl J. (2011): Intra-line and inter-line genetic diversity in sire lines of the Old Kladruber horse based on microsatellite analysis of DNA. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 56, 163-175. Go to original source...
    32. Vostry L., Hofmanova B., Vostra Vydrova H., Pribyl J., Majzlik I. (2012): Estimation of genetic parameters for melanoma in the Old Kladruber horse. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 57, 75-82. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content