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Article

Open Access

**Correlation of the Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities of Moroccan Pomegranate (Punica Granatum) with Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents**

Author(s)

Malak Eddebbagh, Mouhcine Massoudi, Abdelmjid Abourriche, Mohamed Berrada, Mohamed Attaleb, Laïla Benbacer and Ahmed Bennamara

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DOI:10.17265/2328-2150/2016.09.006

Affiliation(s)

ABSTRACT

The Pomegranate (Punica Granatum), which belongs to the Lythraceae family, has been used for centuries in traditional Greco-Arab and Islamic medicine of its vermifuge properties and also to treat various diseases. The aim of this research was to investigate the cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities of Moroccan Pomegranate (peel, leaves, branches, flowers and corolla). Further, the biological activities were correlated with phytochemical contents of the plant extracts. Methanolic extract from different parts of Punica Granatum was assessed for its antiproliferative activity in two human cancer (breast and colon) cells lines (MBA-MD 231 and HT-29), through MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2- thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) bioassay using cell viability and cytotoxicity indices. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay was conducted to screen the antioxidant property of the extracts together with its phenolic and flavonoids content were evaluated, as well. The methanolic extract of Punica Granatum (peel, leaves, branches, flowers and corolla) showed the highest antiproliferative activity on MBA-MD 231 (IC50 was 133.53~233.32 μg/mL) and HT-29 (IC50 was 127.58~203.24 μg/mL) cells. Antioxidants contents are distributed as follows: peel > leaf > flower > corolla > branches. The inhibitory activities required for decreasing initial DPPH by 50% are 8.27, 9.9, 10.06, 11.67 and 13.28 µg/mL, respectively. These results are in correlation with polyphenols content from corolla, peel, leaves, flower and branches are 120.7, 115, 96.65, 90.73 and 64.67 mg GAE/g dw (mg gallic acid equivalents per g dry weight) and flavonoids are 188.8, 221.7, 180.2, 193.7 and 158.5 mg QE/g dw (mg quercetin equivalents per g dry weight). Our results show that the peel, flowers, corolla, leaves and branches of Moroccan Pomegranate may contain a lot of bioactive compounds which are responsible for strong antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities observed here. Our finding indicates the possibility of using the extracts of this plant as source of natural antioxidant and anticancer mainly for its abundant phenolic and flavonoid contents.

KEYWORDS

Punica Granatum, phytochemical screening, polyphenol, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, cytotoxic activity.

Cite this paper

Eddebbagh, M., et al. 2016. “Correlation of the Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities of Moroccan Pomegranate (Punica Granatum) with Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents.” Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 4 (9): 511-519.

References