ISHS Acta Horticulturae 732: VIII International Symposium on Canopy, Rootstocks and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems
PERFORMANCE OF TWO PEAR CULTIVARS ON SIX DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS IN THE NURSERY |
| Authors: | J. Lewko, K. Ścibisz, A. Sadowski |
| Keywords: | Pyrus communis, Cydonia oblonga, European pear, quince, vigour, feathers, thorns, winter-injury |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.732.32 |
| Abstract:
In spring 2002, a trial for evaluation of different pear rootstocks was established on a silty loam alluvial soil at the Wilanów Experimental Station of the Warsaw Agricultural University. The following rootstocks were tested: Caucasian pear seedling (Pyrus communis var. caucasica), OH×F 333 (Pyrus communis), 'Pyrodwarf' (Pyrus communis), quince S1 (Cydonia oblonga), quince MA (Cydonia oblonga) and quince MC (C. oblonga). 'Conference' and 'Erika' were used as scion cultivars. During the first growing season, the highest loss of rootstocks was noted for quince MC and then for quince S1. Caucasian pear seedlings and 'Pyrodwarf' had numerous thorns; no thorns were present on any of quince rootstocks. During the severe winter 2002/2003, the highest losses were recorded in quince MA and OH×F 333, followed by quince MC. After the first year in the nursery, the highest vigour (indicated by stem diameter) was shown by Caucasian pear seedlings, followed by 'Pyrodwarf' and the lowest one by quince MC; a similar pattern was noted in rootstock stem diameter after the second year. The final production of maiden trees was the highest on Caucasian pear seedlings followed by quince S1 and 'Pyrodwarf' and the lowest on quince MA and quince MC. The production of 'Conference' trees was higher than of 'Erika'. The vigour of scion cultivar, measured by stem diameter, cultivar mass and total tree mass, was the highest on seedlings and on 'Pyrodwarf', the lowest on all types of quince and intermediate on OH×F 333. Seedlings, followed by 'Pyrodwarf', developed the strongest root system; the other rootstocks had weaker roots. The highest top/root ratio and scion/rootstock ratio was noted for OH×F 333. 'Erika' maidens feathered spontaneously more than 'Conference'. The effect of rootstock on feathering was a function of their effect on tree vigour; maidens on seedlings, 'Pyrodwarf' and OH×F 333 developed more numerous and longer feathers than on quince. | |
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