ISHS Acta Horticulturae 448: III International Symposium on Mineral Nutrition of Deciduous Fruit Trees
EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILISATION IN YOUNG APPLE ORCHARD |
| Authors: | D. Wrona, A. Sadowski |
| Keywords: | apple, Malus silvestris, nitrogen, fertilisation, herbicide strips, sward, soil nitrogen, leaf nitrogen |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.1997.448.86 |
| Abstract:
In autumn 1993 ‘Sampion’ apple trees, (Malus domestica Borkh) on M.9 and P 22, were planted, at a 3 x 1 m. spacing, on silty loam alluvial soil. One m herbicide strips were maintained along tree rows with sward in 2 m alleyways. Commencing in 1994, different fertiliser treatments were applied, with the dose being 50 or 100 kg N/ha; the lower dose was applied over the whole orchard or in herbicide strips only and the higher dose either once in early spring or split in two portions. In 1994, prior to fertilisation, available N in the 0–20 cm layer amounted to 30 kg per ha of sward and 65 kg per ha of herbicide strip. Fertilisation significantly increased soil NO3-N. No treatment, had any effect on growth in the first two years or on the first yield (1995). No differences in leaf N concentration were found in 1994. In 1995, leaf N tended to increase in fertilised plots; nevertheless, even without fertilisation, it was optimal. Young trees were apparently supplied with a sufficient amount of N released from the fertile soil, when a major portion of the root system developed under herbicide strip. Growth of trees and early bearing depended on rootstock; growth on P 22 was less vigorous but the first yield (1995) higher than on M.9. | |
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