ISHS Acta Horticulturae 825: I Balkan Symposium on Fruit Growing
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PISTACIA GENUS BY MICROSATELLITE MARKERS |
| Authors: | E. Vendramin, M.T. Dettori, I. Verde, S. Micali, J. Giovinazzi, M. Mardi, D. Avanzato, R. Quarta |
| Keywords: | fingerprinting, SSR, Pistacia genus |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2009.825.5 |
| Abstract:
The genus Pistacia of the Anacardiaceae family consists of at least eleven species with dioecious plants. Some cases of monoecism have been reported for P. vera, P. atlantica and P. terebinthus. P. vera is an important crop that produces commercially valuable nuts. Dioecism represents an inconvenience to pistachio breeding and the long juvenile period (5-8 years) hampers sex determination until flowering. In this outline a molecular marker linked to sex could facilitate breeding allowing early seedling selection, saving time and economic resources. Very little work has been done at molecular level on the Pistacia genus and no linkage map and only very few codominant markers (Simple Sequence Reapeats, SSRs) are available so far. In the last years most of the research has been based on RAPDs (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) for the identification of a marker able to determine plant gender early and on AFLPs (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) for genetic diversity studies. In this study a genetic analysis was carried out on 82 accessions among P. vera, P. terebinthus, P. atlantica subsp. mutica, P. mutica × P. khinjuk and P. integerrima. Microsatellite markers developed from a genomic library of the P. vera cultivar (Ahamad et al., 2003) were used with a capillary electrophoresis apparatus. The analyses were performed with NTSYS-pc 2.11X. A similarity matrix was constructed according to Jaccard’s index and the dendrogram was obtained by the UPGMA method. The cluster analysis revealed species-based grouping, with all the P. vera accessions clustering independently from their gender and forming one cluster separated from all the remaining species. All the P. terebinthus were gathered in the same subcluster; P. mutica accessions were divided in three different subclusters showing a high level of genetic variability. The P. vera cultivars analysed, though separated in several different subclusters, displayed a low level of genetic variability probably due to the narrow genetic pool of cultivated materials. The microsatellite markers analysed in the present work, though less polymorphic than AFLPs or RAPDs, are more robust and repeatable. | |
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