ISHS Acta Horticulturae 845: VII International Congress on Hazelnut
AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES OF HAZELNUT IN GEORGIA |
| Authors: | N. Mirotadze, V. Gogitidze, N. Mikadze, L. Goginava, M. Mirotadze |
| Keywords: | orchard, species, ecological conditions, Gulshishvela, micro-zones |
| DOI: | 10.17660/ActaHortic.2009.845.43 |
| Abstract:
Hazelnut is an ancient, important and traditional nut crop for the subtropical zones of Abkhazia, Adjara, Samegrelo, Guria, Imereti and the Kakheti regions. Hazelnut is spread in different altitude conditions - wild forms we can even meet 1800 to 2000 m above see level height, in mixed forests, where the sum of active temperature varies from 1400 to 2000°C. The diversity of natural conditions of Georgia has an influence on biological features of different varieties of hazelnuts for ecological zones. According to a multiyear scientific research it was established that industrial scale hazelnut prefers the subtropical climate conditions of Georgia with high humidity (75-80%) and with an active temperature sum of 3800-4250°C. Hazelnut is grown better in those places where the annual average temperature varies between 13-14°C, the average temperature of the coldest month is not more than 3.5-5.5°C, and the average temperature of the warmest month reaches 22-23°C, when annual precipitation is 1500-2000 mm and during the vegetation period 900-1200 mm. According to a study a group of varieties with different maturity period was identified: a) early period ripeness varieties - ‘Dedoflis titi’, ‘Tskhenis dzudzu’, ‘Saivanobо’, ‘Chkhikvictava’, b) middle period ripeness varieties - ‘Gulshishvela’, ‘Nemsa’, ‘Vanis tetri’, ‘Vanis tsiteli’, ‘Anakliuri’, ‘Uchа-tkhili’, ‘Kharistvala’, ‘Ata-baba’, c) late period ripeness varieties - ‘Khachapura’, ‘Gile’, ‘Shveliskura’, ‘Gandja’, ‘Cherkezuli’. After complex investigation of diverse landscape conditions, agro-climatic data, growing and yielding information of local and introduced varieties special agro-ecological zones for the distribution of commercial hazelnut orchards were determined. | |
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