National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Bacterial resistance against antimcrobial agents is a growing international problem in the treatment of nosocomial infections, especially in developing countries. This study therefore sought to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates in UTIs and to identify the probable antibiotic alternatives in uropathogenic infection to guide antimicrobial therapy at the Brong-Ahafo Regional Hospital-Sunyani. Between January and December 2014, 200 urinary isolates were received from in and out patients at the Microbiology unit of the laboratory. Isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method, on Mueller-Hinton Agar (Oxoid GmbH, Wesel, Germany) and the results were presented as resistant or susceptible, according to the recommendations of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). One hundred and seventy-two (172, 96.6%) isolates were resistant to tetracycline and 144(90.5%) isolates were resistant to Ampicillin/sulbactam. One hundred and fifty (150, 93.2%) isolates were readily susceptible to Amikacin. Among the third generation cephalosporins, ceftizoxime achieved 50% sensitivity and 20.6% and 16.7% for cefotaxime and ceftazidime respectively against all isolates. The isolates also showed strong resistance to the fluoroquinolones, nalidixic acid (80.8%); ciprofloxacin (74.1%); ofloxacin (65.4%) and levofloxacin (64.6%). Chloramphenicol and gentamicin achieved 23.4% and 24.1% sensitivity respectively. Lower resistance was observed in amikacin and ceftizoxime. The extent of resistance among bacteria isolates in UTIs in non-hospitalized and hospitalized patients is worryingly high in the Brong-Ahafo Regional Hospital. Antimicrobials such as tetracycline, ampicillin/sulbactam, chloramphinicol and gentamicin should no longer be recommended for initial empirical therapies for UTIs especially when E. coli is concerned. Amikacin, ceftizoxime, ofloxacin and levofloxacin may be considered as alternatives.
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