31Mar 2017

IN VITRO EFFICACY OF TRICHODERMA ISOLATES AGAINST SOME FUNGI CAUSING FUNGAL ROT DISEASE OF TOMATO.

  • Section of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Kashmir.
Crossref Cited-by Linking logo
  • Abstract
  • Keywords
  • References
  • Cite This Article as
  • Corresponding Author

Biological control has been found efficient eco-friendly approach for the management of several fungal diseases caused by pathogenic fungi. Therefore, present study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of some Trichoderma isolates against the pathogenic fungi, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl., Penicillium sp and Aspergillus niger Van Tiegh known to infect tomato fruits in Kashmir. It was observed from the results that all the Trichoderma isolates brought about significant inhibition in the mycelial growth. The inhibition in mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata, by PPT3 isolate of Trichoderma was 26.79%, followed by isolate PPT1 (19.47%) and isolate PPT2 (14.64%) of Trichoderma respectively. Likewise, the highest inhibition in mycelial growth of Penicillium sp. was shown by isolate PPT3 (34.36%) followed by isolate PPT2 (23.44%) and by isolate PPT1 (9.37%) respectively. In case of Aspergillus niger, the inhibition in mycelial growth was highest by isolate PPT3 (42.5%) followed by isolate PPT1 (36.67%) and by isolate PPT2 (31.67) respectively. The results indicate that different local isolates of Trichoderma proved effective against the tested pathogenic fungi and can be evaluated further for their antifungal activity against other fungi.

  1. Afroz M, Ashrafuzzamani? M , Ahmed MN, Ali ME, Azim MR: Integrated management of major fungal disease of tomato. International Journal of Sustainable Crop Production 2008, 3(2):54-59.
  2. Akhtar KP, Matin M, Mirza JH, Shakir AS, Rafique M: Some studies on the post harvest diseases of tomato fruits and their chemical control. Pak J Phytopathol. 1994. 6:25?129.
  3. Ana MV, Abdurrabi S,? Benhard L:? A Guide to integrated Pest Management in Tomato Production in Easthern and Southern Africa. ICIPE Science Press, Nairobi, Kenya. 2003,144Pp
  4. Backman PA, Rodriguez-kabana? R:? A system for the growth and delivery of biological control to the soil. Phytopathology, 1974, 65:819-821.
  5. Barnett HL, Hunter BB: Illustrated genera of Imperfect Fungi. Burgess Publishing Company, Third edition. 1972, pp. 241.
  6. Bashar MA,? Rai B: Antagonistic potential of root-region microflora of chickpea against Fusarium? oxysporum sp. ciceri. Bangladesh J. Bot. 1994, 23(1): 13-19.
  7. Brown AE:? Benson's Microbiological Applications: Laboratory Manual in General Microbiology. McGraw Hill, New York. 2004, pp. 432.
  8. Chet I: Trichoderma: Application, mode of action, and potential as a biocontrol agent of soil-borne plantpathogenic fungi. in: Innovative Approaches to Plant Disease Control. 1987, 137- 160.
  9. Dharmaputra OS, Purba RY, Sipayung A:? Research activities on the biology and control of Ganoderma at Seameo Biotrop and Iopri Marihat. In: Holderness M. (Eds): Proceedings of first international workshop on perennial crop diseases caused by Universiti Pertanian, Selangor, Malaysia. 1994.
  10. Dominguesa FC, Queiroza JA, Cabralb JMS,? Fonsecab LP: The influence of culture conditions on mycelial structure and cellulose production by Trichoderma reesei rut C-30. Microbial Technol. 2000, 26: 394-401.
  11. Etabarian HR: Evaluation of Trichoderma ?isolates for biological control of charcoal stem rot in melon caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2006, 8: 243-250.
  12. Eckert JW, Ogawa JM: The chemical control of postharvest diseases: deciduous fruits, berries, vegetables and root/tuber crops. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 1988, 26:433?469.
  13. Elad Y, Chet I,? Katan J: Trichoderma harzianum: A biocontrol agent of Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia solani. Phytopathology, 1980, 70:119-121.
  14. Elad Y, Chet I, Henis Y:? Degradation of plant pathogenic fungi by Trichoderma harzianum. Canadian J. Microbiol, 1982, 28: 719-725.
  15. Ellis MB: Dematiaceous Hypomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, England. 1971, pp. 508.
  16. Ewulo BS, Ojeniyi SO, Akanni OA: Effect of Poultry manure on selected soild physical and chemical properties on growth, yield and nutrient status of tomato. Journal of Agricultural Research. 2008, 3(1):613-616.
  17. Feng W, Zheng XD: Essential oils to control Alternatia alternata in vitro and in vivo. Food Control. 2007, 18, 1126-1130.
  18. Gilman JC: A manual of soil fungi. IOWA State Uni. Press. Ames. 2008, pp.382.
  19. Hadar Y, Chet I, Henis Y: Biological control of Rhizocotonia solani damping-off with wheat bran culture of Trichoderma harzianum. Phytopathology. 1979, 69:64-68.
  20. Henis Y, Chet I: Microbial control of plant pathogens. Adv. Appl. Microbiol 1975, 198:85-111.
  21. Intana W, Suwanno T, Chamswarng C, Chantrapromma K, Ngamriabsakul: Increased efficacy for controlling Anthracnose of chili using antifungal metabolites from mutant strains of Trichoderma harzianum. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 2007, 40(1-2), 65-72.
  22. Kakde RB, Chavan? AM:. Antagonistic properties of Trichoderma? viride and Trichoderma harzianum against storage fungi. Elixir Appl. Botany, 2011, 41: 5774-5778.
  23. Lee PJ, Lee S, Kim CS, Son JH, Song JH, Lee KY, Kim,HJ, Jung SJ, Moon BJ: Evaluation of formulations of Bacillus licheniformis for the biological control of tomato gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea. Biological Control 2006, 37: 329-337.
  24. Mukherjee PK, Thomas P,? Raghu K:? Shelf-life enhancement of fresh ginger rhizomes at ambient temperatures by combination of g-irradiation, biocontrol and closed polyethylene bag storage. Ann Appl Biol. 1995, 127:375?384.
  25. Nagamani Tagaram, Ammana Sabitha Rani, Amballa Hindumathi, Bhumi Narasimha Reddy: In vitro evaluation of Trichoderma viridi and Trichoderma harzianum for its efficacy against Alternaria alternate, the leaf spot pathogen on Senna plant. Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 2015, 10: 145-147.
  26. Papavizas GC: Trichoderma and Gliocladium: Biology, ecology, and potential for biocontrol. Rev. Phytppath1985, 23: 23-54.
  27. Prince L, Raja A, Prabakaran P:? Antagonistic potentiality of some soil mycoflora against Colletotrichum falcatum. World Journal of Science and Technology 2011, 1(4): 39-42.
  28. Schirmbock M, Lorito M, Wang YL, Hayes CK, Arisan-Atac I, Scala F, Harman GE, Kubicek CP: Parallel formation and synergism of hydrolytic enzymes and peptaibol antibiotics, molecular mechanisms involved in the antagonistic action of Trichoderma? harzianum against phytopathogenic fungi. Environ. Microbiol. 1994, 60: 4,364- 4,370.
  29. Stevens C, Khan VA, Lu JY, Wilson,CL, Pusey PL, Igwegbe CK., Kabwe K, Mafolo Y, Liu J, Chalutz E, Droby S: Integration of ultraviolet (UV-C) light with yeast treatment for control of postharvest storage rots of fruits and vegetables. Biological Control. 1997, 10: 98-103.
  30. Schena L, Ippolito A, Zahavi T, Cohen L, Nigro F, Droby S:? Genetic diversity and biocontrol activity of Aureobasidium? pullulans isolates against postharvest rots. Postharvest Biology and Technology 1999, 17: 189-199.
  31. Skidmore AM,? Dickinson CH: Colony interaction and? hyphal interference between Septoria nodorum and phylloplane fungi. Br. Mycol. Soc. 1976, 66: 57-64.
  32. Tomkin and Trout (1931). Pricking by Entomological pins (C-Dass Gupta and Mandal: 1989).
  33. Watanabe :(2002). Pictorial atlas of soil and seed fungi: Morphologies of cultured fungi and key to species. (2nd ed.), CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, USA, pp. 504.
  34. Wener ZH: 2008. Importance of the tomato. Available at http://agrisupportonlive.com/Article/importance of the tomato html. Date accessed January, 21st 2009.
  35. Wilson, C.L., Franklin, J.D. and Pusey, P.L. Biological control of Rhizopus rot of peach with Enterobacter cloacae. Phytopathology. 1987, 77:303.

[Jahangir Abdullah Koka, Abdul Hamid Wani, Mohd Yaqub Bhat and Shazia Parveen. (2017); IN VITRO EFFICACY OF TRICHODERMA ISOLATES AGAINST SOME FUNGI CAUSING FUNGAL ROT DISEASE OF TOMATO. Int. J. of Adv. Res. 5 (Mar). 2050-2053] (ISSN 2320-5407). www.journalijar.com

Jahangir Abdullah Koka
DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY UNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR SRINAGAR

DOI:

Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/3725      
DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/3725

Download Full Paper

Download PDF No. of Downloads: 21 | No. of Views: 116