Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of target genes, control the vast majority of cellular events, including proliferation, differentiation, survival, senescence, autophagy, metabolism and genome stability. Even slight alterations in miRNA expression levels may induce the development of pathological states, including cancer. Several studies have already demonstrated the importance of miRNAs in the regulation of melanocytes. Upregulation of oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs), mainly by amplification and translocation of miRNA genes, and downregulation of oncosuppressor miRNAs (anti-oncomiRs) by deletion and other mutations, promoter methylation and abnormal processing contributes to melanoma initiation and progression. At each phase of melanoma progression, tumor cells exhibit distinct profiles of miRNA expression, as compared with normal melanocytes. Moreover, as miRNAs are stable molecules that can be identified in bodily fluids, such as blood and saliva, they can serve as potent non-invasive prognostic markers of disease progression and response to therapy. This review summarizes recent findings regarding miRNA-mediated control of melanocytes and melanoma development, and presents miRNAs as prognostic markers for this disease.
Keywords: Melanocyte, melanogenesis, melanoma, oncomiR, anti-oncomiR, prognostic marker.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:miRNAs in Melanoma: Tumor Suppressors and Oncogenes with Prognostic Potential
Volume: 23 Issue: 28
Author(s): Michal Wozniak, Aleksandra Mielczarek and Malgorzata Czyz
Affiliation:
Keywords: Melanocyte, melanogenesis, melanoma, oncomiR, anti-oncomiR, prognostic marker.
Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of target genes, control the vast majority of cellular events, including proliferation, differentiation, survival, senescence, autophagy, metabolism and genome stability. Even slight alterations in miRNA expression levels may induce the development of pathological states, including cancer. Several studies have already demonstrated the importance of miRNAs in the regulation of melanocytes. Upregulation of oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs), mainly by amplification and translocation of miRNA genes, and downregulation of oncosuppressor miRNAs (anti-oncomiRs) by deletion and other mutations, promoter methylation and abnormal processing contributes to melanoma initiation and progression. At each phase of melanoma progression, tumor cells exhibit distinct profiles of miRNA expression, as compared with normal melanocytes. Moreover, as miRNAs are stable molecules that can be identified in bodily fluids, such as blood and saliva, they can serve as potent non-invasive prognostic markers of disease progression and response to therapy. This review summarizes recent findings regarding miRNA-mediated control of melanocytes and melanoma development, and presents miRNAs as prognostic markers for this disease.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Wozniak Michal, Mielczarek Aleksandra and Czyz Malgorzata, miRNAs in Melanoma: Tumor Suppressors and Oncogenes with Prognostic Potential, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 23 (28) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557516666160831164544
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557516666160831164544 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Gene Electrotransfer: A Mechanistic Perspective
Current Gene Therapy Selenium Deficiency in Soils and Crops and its Impact on Animal and Human Health
Current Nutrition & Food Science Fibroblast Growth Factors, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors, Diseases, and Drugs
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Recent Advances in T Cell Adoptive Immunotherapy of Cancer
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews ABC Multidrug Transporters: Target for Modulation of Drug Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions
Current Drug Targets Liposomal Targeting of Angiogenic Vasculature
Current Drug Delivery Design of Peptide Imaging Agents for Whole-body and Intraoperative Molecular Imaging
Current Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Breast Cancer Treatment
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Knockdown of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Affects mRNA Expression of Genes Involved in the Induction of Resistance to Apoptosis in MOLT-4 Cells
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Estrogen Receptors: Mechanism of Action and Relevance to Schizophrenia
Current Psychiatry Reviews 13-lncRNAs Signature to Improve Diagnostic and Prognostic Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Glycoprotein Targeting and Other Applications of Lectins in Biotechnology
Current Protein & Peptide Science Interplay between DNA Methyltransferase 1 and microRNAs During Tumorigenesis
Current Drug Targets Anthocyanins: Chemical Properties and Health Benefits: A Review
Current Nutrition & Food Science Potential Uses of MicroRNA in Lung Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets Renal Development: A Complex Process Dependent on Inductive Interaction
Current Pediatric Reviews Novel Options for the Pharmacological Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure – Role of Botulin Toxin
Current Clinical Pharmacology Rational Drug Design Paradigms: The Odyssey for Designing Better Drugs
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Quinones Derived from Plant Secondary Metabolites as Anti-cancer Agents
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Melanoma and Epigenetic Treatment: Past and Future
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry