Abstract
Identifying the causative relationship between the fatty acid composition of cell membranes and type 2 diabetes mellitus fundamentally contributes to the understanding of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. Important outcomes of the reviewed studies appear to support the hypotheses that the flexibility of a membrane determined by the ratio of (poly)unsaturated to saturated fatty acyl chains of its phospholipids influences the effectiveness of glucose transport by insulin-independent glucose transporters (GLUTs) and the insulin-dependent GLUT4, and from the prediabetic stage on a shift from unsaturated towards saturated fatty acyl chains of membrane phospholipids directly induces a decrease in glucose effectiveness and insulin sensitivity. In addition, it has become evident that a concomitant increase in stiffness of both plasma and erythrocyte membranes may decrease the microcirculatory flow, leading ultimately to tissue hypoxia, insufficient tissue nutrition, and diabetes-specific microvascular pathology. As to the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a revised hypothesis that attempts to accommodate the reviewed findings is presented.
Keywords: Cell Membranes, Erythrocyte Deformability, Glucose Effectiveness, Glucose Transporter, Insulin Sensitivity, Phospholipids, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Unsaturated Fatty Acid, insulin-dependent GLUT4, fatty acid
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title:Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Volume: 8 Issue: 5
Author(s): Rob N.M. Weijers
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cell Membranes, Erythrocyte Deformability, Glucose Effectiveness, Glucose Transporter, Insulin Sensitivity, Phospholipids, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Unsaturated Fatty Acid, insulin-dependent GLUT4, fatty acid
Abstract: Identifying the causative relationship between the fatty acid composition of cell membranes and type 2 diabetes mellitus fundamentally contributes to the understanding of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. Important outcomes of the reviewed studies appear to support the hypotheses that the flexibility of a membrane determined by the ratio of (poly)unsaturated to saturated fatty acyl chains of its phospholipids influences the effectiveness of glucose transport by insulin-independent glucose transporters (GLUTs) and the insulin-dependent GLUT4, and from the prediabetic stage on a shift from unsaturated towards saturated fatty acyl chains of membrane phospholipids directly induces a decrease in glucose effectiveness and insulin sensitivity. In addition, it has become evident that a concomitant increase in stiffness of both plasma and erythrocyte membranes may decrease the microcirculatory flow, leading ultimately to tissue hypoxia, insufficient tissue nutrition, and diabetes-specific microvascular pathology. As to the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a revised hypothesis that attempts to accommodate the reviewed findings is presented.
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Cite this article as:
N.M. Weijers Rob, Lipid Composition of Cell Membranes and Its Relevance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Current Diabetes Reviews 2012; 8 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339912802083531
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339912802083531 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
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