Abstract
The foundation of tissue engineering for either therapeutic or diagnostic applications is the ability to exploit living cells. Tissue engineering utilizes living cells as engineering materials implanted, seeded or bioplotted into an artificial structure capable of supporting three-dimensional tissue formation. These structures, typically called scaffolds, are critical, both ex vivo and in vivo, to influence their own microenvironments. Scaffolds can serve the following purposes: allow cell attachment and migration, deliver and retain cells and biochemical factors, enable diffusion of vital cell nutrients or expressed products, exert certain mechanical and biological influences to modify the behaviour of the cell phase.
Traditional tissue engineering strategies typically employ a “top-down” approach, in which cells are seeded on a biodegradable three dimensional monolithic polymeric scaffold. More recently they have been updated by a “bottom- up” approach, also known as modular tissue engineering; it is aimed to address the challenge of recreating bio-mimetic structures by designing structural micro-features to build modular tissues, used as building blocks to re-create larger ones.
These two different approaches will require scaffolds with given characteristics obtainable by choosing different fabrication technologies. Conventional and innovative supercritical technologies for monolithic scaffold production or biopolymer micro/nano devices will be discussed in this chapter. Some examples of bone and cartilage tissue engineering produced by using modular scaffold will be also discussed, as well as the fabrication of artificial extracellular matrix for spatio-temporally delivery of biological and mechanical signal to address cell fate.
Keywords: Tissue engineering, scaffold, controlled release, supercritical fluid, microenviroment design, stem cell.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Biomaterials and Supercritical Fluid Technologies: Which Perspectives to Fabricate Artificial Extracellular Matrix?
Volume: 23 Issue: 26
Author(s): G. Della Porta*, E. Reverchon and N. Maffulli
Affiliation:
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi (SA) 84084,Italy
Keywords: Tissue engineering, scaffold, controlled release, supercritical fluid, microenviroment design, stem cell.
Abstract: The foundation of tissue engineering for either therapeutic or diagnostic applications is the ability to exploit living cells. Tissue engineering utilizes living cells as engineering materials implanted, seeded or bioplotted into an artificial structure capable of supporting three-dimensional tissue formation. These structures, typically called scaffolds, are critical, both ex vivo and in vivo, to influence their own microenvironments. Scaffolds can serve the following purposes: allow cell attachment and migration, deliver and retain cells and biochemical factors, enable diffusion of vital cell nutrients or expressed products, exert certain mechanical and biological influences to modify the behaviour of the cell phase.
Traditional tissue engineering strategies typically employ a “top-down” approach, in which cells are seeded on a biodegradable three dimensional monolithic polymeric scaffold. More recently they have been updated by a “bottom- up” approach, also known as modular tissue engineering; it is aimed to address the challenge of recreating bio-mimetic structures by designing structural micro-features to build modular tissues, used as building blocks to re-create larger ones.
These two different approaches will require scaffolds with given characteristics obtainable by choosing different fabrication technologies. Conventional and innovative supercritical technologies for monolithic scaffold production or biopolymer micro/nano devices will be discussed in this chapter. Some examples of bone and cartilage tissue engineering produced by using modular scaffold will be also discussed, as well as the fabrication of artificial extracellular matrix for spatio-temporally delivery of biological and mechanical signal to address cell fate.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Porta G. Della *, Reverchon E. and Maffulli N., Biomaterials and Supercritical Fluid Technologies: Which Perspectives to Fabricate Artificial Extracellular Matrix?, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2017; 23 (26) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170713145502
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170713145502 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Olfactory Loss and Dysfunction in Ciliopathies: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapies
Current Medicinal Chemistry Antimutagenic, Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Properties of Sea Grape Leaf Extract Fractions (<i>Coccoloba uvifera</i> L.)
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Natural Molecules as Talented Inhibitors of Nucleotide Pyrophosphatases/ Phosphodiesterases (PDEs)
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Diabetic Retinopathy Screening by General Practitioners Using Non- Mydriatic Retinography
Current Diabetes Reviews Sulfonyl Group-Containing Compounds in the Design of Potential Drugs for the Treatment of Diabetes and Its Complications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Adult Stem Cells and Skeletal Muscle Regeneration
Current Gene Therapy Insulin Resistance as a Therapeutic Target for Improved Endothelial Function:Metformin
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Effect on Serum Uric Acid Levels of Drugs Prescribed for Indications other than Treating Hyperuricaemia
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Rabbit as an Experimental and Production Animal: From Genomics to Proteomics
Current Protein & Peptide Science Tripeptide Amide L-pyroglutamyl-Histidyl-L-Prolineamide (L-PHPThyrotropin- Releasing Hormone, TRH) Promotes Insulin-Producing Cell Proliferation
Current Aging Science Smart Polymers for Controlled Delivery of Proteins and Peptides: A Review of Patents
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Glucans as Biological Response Modifiers
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Converting Peptides into Drug Leads by Lipidation
Current Medicinal Chemistry Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male Questionnaire for the Clinical Detection of Testosterone Deficiency in a Population of Black Sub-Saharan African Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Is it a Reliable Tool?
Current Diabetes Reviews Molecular Genetics and Targeted Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Current Cancer Drug Targets Outcomes in Older Versus Younger Patients Over 96 Weeks in HIV-1– Infected Patients Treated with Rilpivirine or Efavirenz in ECHO and THRIVE
Current HIV Research The Relationship Between Hypertensive Retinopathy and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Editorial (Hot Topic: Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers: from Tradition to Modernity)
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry PET and SPECT Radiotracers to Assess Function and Expression of ABC Transporters In Vivo
Current Drug Metabolism Comparative Effectiveness of Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone in Type 2 Diabetes, Prediabetes,and the Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis
Current Diabetes Reviews