Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1389-2010
ISSN (Online): 1873-4316

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Phytochemical Analysis and Assessment of Biological Properties of Essential Oils Obtained from Thyme and Rosmarinus Species

Author(s): Amira Zaïri*, Sahar Nouir, Mohamed A. Khalifa, Bouraoui Ouni, Houda Haddad, Améni Khelifa and Mounir Trabelsi

Volume 21, Issue 5, 2020

Page: [414 - 424] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666191019124630

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The plant species Thymus algeriensis (TA); Thymus capitatus (TC) and Rosmarinus officinalis (RO), are widely used in traditional medicine in Tunisia. The bioactivities of their essential oils have also been reported previously. The main objective of this work was to assess the phytochemical composition, the antioxidant activity, cytotoxic potential and the antibacterial, antifungal, of the essential oil (EO) of these plants.

Methods: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify and quantify the constituents of the tested EO. Chemical tests, and spectrophotometric methods were used for antioxidant activities and for the screening and quantification of phytochemicals. The cytotoxic potential of the EO was checked using HCT 116 cultures. The extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial potential by the microdilution method. Antifungal activities were tested using the Poisoned food technique against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus.

Results: The EO of tested plants presented several components, mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The results revealed that T. capitatus EO is not toxic compared to the other tested samples. Phenolic compounds were detected and this EO showed excellent antioxidant activity presenting dosedependent relationship. Regarding antimicrobial activity, T. capitatus EO, also had the highest inhibition against all tested bacteria and fungi.

Conclusion: This study showed the importance of the bioactivities (antioxidant, antimicrobial, and safety potential) of EOs of the plant species TC, RO, and TA used in traditional medicine.

Keywords: Essential oils, antimicrobials, antioxidants, cytotoxicity, T. algeriensis, antifungals.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Bishayee, A.; Sethi, G. Bioactive natural products in cancer prevention and therapy: Progress and promise. Semin. Cancer Biol., 2016, 40-41, 1-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.08.006] [PMID: 27565447]
[2]
Carocho, M.; Ferreira, I.C. A review on antioxidants, prooxidants and related controversy: natural and synthetic compounds, screening and analysis methodologies and future perspectives. Food Chem. Toxicol., 2013, 51, 15-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.09.021] [PMID: 23017782]
[3]
Mehreen, A.; Waheed, M.; Liaqat, I.; Arshad, N. Arshad. Phytochemical, antimicrobial and toxicological evaluation of traditional herbs used to treat sore throat. BioMed Res. Int., 2016, 20168503426
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8503426] [PMID: 27429983]
[4]
Prakash, S.; Ramasubburayan, R.; Ramkumar, V.S.; Kannapiran, E.; Palavesam, A.; Immanuel, G. In vitro-Scientific evaluation on antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic properties and phytochemical constituents of traditional coastal medicinal plants. Biomed. Pharmacother., 2016, 83, 648-657.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.019] [PMID: 27459122]
[5]
Nieto, G. Biological activities of three essential oils of the Lamiaceae family. Medicines (Basel), 2017, 4(3), 1-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines4030063] [PMID: 28930277]
[6]
Fatma, G.; Mouna, B.F.; Mondher, M.; Ahmed, L. In-vitro assessment of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts and essential oil of Thymus hirtus sp. algeriensis. Lipids Health Dis., 2014, 13, 114-125.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-13-114] [PMID: 25022197]
[7]
Lane, A.; Boecklemann, A.; Woronuk, G.N.; Sarker, L.; Mahmoud, S.S. A genomics resource for investigating regulation of essential oil production in Lavandula angustifolia. Planta, 2010, 231(4), 835-845.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-009-1090-4] [PMID: 20043174]
[8]
Regnault-Roger, C.; Vincent, C.; Arnason, J.T. Essential oils in insect control: low-risk products in a high-stakes world. Annu. Rev. Entomol., 2012, 57, 405-424.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-120710-100554] [PMID: 21942843]
[9]
de Almeida, R.N.; Agra, Mde.F.; Maior, F.N.; de Sousa, D.P. Essential oils and their constituents: anticonvulsant activity. Molecules, 2011, 16(3), 2726-2742.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules16032726] [PMID: 21441872]
[10]
Gonçalves, J.C.; de Meneses, D.A.; de Vasconcelos, A.P.; Piauilino, C.A.; Almeida, F.R.; Napoli, E.M.; Ruberto, G.; de Araújo, D.A. Essential oil composition and antinociceptive activity of Thymus capitatus. Pharm. Biol., 2017, 55(1), 782-786.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2017.1279672] [PMID: 28103733]
[11]
Weber, L.D.; Pinto, F.G.S.; Scur, M.C.; Souza, J.G.L.; Costa, W.F.; Leite, C.W. Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of essential oil and various plant extracts from Prunus myrtifolia. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 2014, 9, 846-853.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2013.8260]
[12]
Mulyaningsih, S.; Sporer, F.; Zimmermann, S.; Reichling, J.; Wink, M. Synergistic properties of the terpenoids aromadendrene and 1,8-cineole from the essential oil of Eucalyptus globulus against antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Phytomedicine, 2010, 17(13), 1061-1066.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2010.06.018] [PMID: 20727725]
[13]
Chouhan, S.; Sharma, K.; Guleria, S. Antimicrobial activity of some essential oils-present status and future perspectives. Medicines (Basel), 2017, 4(3), 58.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines4030058] [PMID: 28930272]
[14]
Hajlaouia, H.; Mighri, H.; Aounia, M. Screening of antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of Tunisian Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffm. et Link essential oil. Tunisian J. Med. Plants Nat. Products, 2015, 13, 20-38.
[15]
Miladi, H.; Mili, D.; Ben Slama, R.; Zouari, S.; Ammar, E.; Bakhrouf, A. Antibiofilm formation and anti-adhesive property of three mediterranean essential oils against a foodborne pathogen Salmonella strain. Microb. Pathog., 2016, 93, 22-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2016.01.017] [PMID: 26802522]
[16]
Martins, N.; Barros, L.; Santos-Buelga, C.; Silva, S.; Henriques, M.; Ferreira, I.C. Decoction, infusion and hydroalcoholic extract of cultivated thyme: antioxidant and antibacterial activities, and phenolic characterisation. Food Chem., 2015, 167, 131-137.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.094] [PMID: 25148969]
[17]
Mkaddem, M.G.; Romdhane, M.; Ibrahim, H.; Ennajar, M.; Lebrihi, A.; Mathieu, F.; Bouajila, J. Essential oil of Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link. from Matmata, Tunisia: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. J. Med. Food, 2010, 13(6), 1500-1504.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2009.0117] [PMID: 21091258]
[18]
Džamić, A.M.; Nikolić, B.J.; Giweli, A.A.; Mitić-Ćulafić, D.S.; Soković, M.D.; Ristić, M.S.; Knežević-Vukčević, J.B.; Marin, P.D. Libyan Thymus capitatus essential oil: antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and colon pathogen adhesion-inhibition properties. J. Appl. Microbiol., 2015, 119(2), 389-399.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.12864] [PMID: 26033505]
[19]
Adams, A.R.; Ricketts, R. Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 4th ed; Allured Pub Corp, 2007.
[20]
Kartal, N.; Sokmen, M.; Tepe, B.; Dafereras, D.; Polissiou, M. Sokmen. Investigation of the antioxidant properties of Ferula orienlis L. using a suitable extraction procedure. Food Chem., 2007, 100, 584-589.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.084]
[21]
Zaïri, A.; Nouir, S.; M Hamdi, N.; Bennani, M.; Bergaoui, I.; Mtiraoui, A.; Chaouachi, M.; Trabelsi, M. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and the phenolic content of infusion, decoction and methanolic extracts of Thyme and Rosmarinus species. Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol., 2018, 19(7), 590-599.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201019666180817141512] [PMID: 30117391]
[22]
Zaïri, A.; Ferrières, L.; Latour-Lambert, P.; Beloin, C.; Tangy, F.; Ghigo, J.M.; Hani, K. In vitro activities of dermaseptins K4S4 and K4K20S4 against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa planktonic growth and biofilm formation. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 2014, 58(4), 2221-2228.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02142-13] [PMID: 24492362]
[23]
Kumar, A.; Shukla, R.; Singh, P.; Prasad, C.S.; Dubey, N.K. Assessment of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil as a safe botanical preservative against post-harvest fungi infestation of food commodities. Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol., 2008, 9, 575-580.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2007.12.005]
[24]
Meghdiche-Ksouri, W.; Saada, M.; Soumaya, B.; Snoussi, B.; Snoussi, M.; Zaouali, Y.; Ksouri, R. Potential use of wild Thymus algeriensis and Thymus capitatus as source of antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. J. Nat. Sci., 2015, 23, 1046-1056.
[25]
Guesmi, F.; Tyagi, A.K.; Bellamine, H.; Landoulsi, A. Antioxidant machinery related to decreased MDA generation by Thymus algeriensis essential oil-induced liver and kidney regeneration. Biomed. Environ. Sci., 2016, 29(9), 639-649.
[PMID: 27806746]
[26]
Zouari, N.; Ayadi, I.; Fakhfakh, N.; Rebai, A.; Zouari, S. Variation of chemical composition of essential oils in wild populations of Thymus algeriensis Boiss. et Reut., a North African endemic species. Lipids Health Dis., 2012, 11, 28.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-11-28] [PMID: 22439877]
[27]
Mekonnen, A.; Yitayew, B.; Tesema, A.; Taddese, S. In vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Thymus schimperi, Matricaria chamomilla, Eucalyptus globulus, and Rosmarinus officinalis. Int. J. Microbiol., 2016, 20169545693
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9545693] [PMID: 26880928]
[28]
Powers, N.; Jessica, L.; Osier, R.L.; Feeters, M.C.; Brazell, C.B.; Emily, L.; Olsen, D.M.; Moriarity, Satyal, P.; William, N.; Setzer, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of sixty commercially-available essential oils chelsea. Molecules, 2018, 23, 1549.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071549]
[29]
Silva-Flores, P.G.; Pérez-López, L.A.; Rivas-Galindo, V.M.; Paniagua-Vega, D.; Galindo-Rodríguez, S.A.; Álvarez-Román, R. Simultaneous GC-FID quantification of main components of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Lavandula dentata essential oils in polymeric nanocapsules for antioxidant application. J. Anal. Methods Chem., 2019, 20192837406
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2837406] [PMID: 30881726]
[30]
Embuscado, M.E. Spices and herbs, Natural sources of antioxidants - a mini review. J. Funct. Foods, 2015, 18, 811-819.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.03.005]
[31]
Ali, I.B.E.; Chaouachi, M.; Bahri, R.; Chaieb, I.; Boussaïd, M.; Harzallah-Skhiri, F. Chemical composition and antioxidant, antibacterial, allelopathic and insecticidal activities of essential oil of Thymus algeriensis Boiss. Et Reut. Ind. Crops Prod., 2015, 77, 631-639.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.046]
[32]
Ahmed, S.B.; Sghaier, R.M.; Guesmi, F.; Kaabi, B.; Mejri, M.; Attia, H.; Laouini, D.; Smaali, I. Evaluation of antileishmanial, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of essential oils extracted from plants issued from the leishmaniasis-endemic region of Sned (Tunisia). Nat. Prod. Res., 2011, 25(12), 1195-1201.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2010.534097] [PMID: 21740286]
[33]
Skotti, E.; Anastasaki, E.; Kanellou, G.; Polissiou, M.; Tarantilis, P.A. Total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and toxicity of aqueous extracts from selected Greek medicinal and aromatic plants. Ind. Crops Prod., 2014, 53, 46-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.013]
[34]
Cutillas, A.B.; Carrasco, A.; Martinez-Gutierrez, R.; Tomas, V.; Tudela, J. Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oils from Spain, composition, antioxidant capacity, lipoxygenase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory capacities, and antimicrobial activities. Plant Biosyst., 2018, 3504, 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2018.1445129]
[35]
Borges, R.S.; Ortiz, B.L.S.; Pereira, A.C.M.; Keita, H.; Carvalho, J.C.T. Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil: A review of its phytochemistry, anti-inflammatory activity, and mechanisms of action involved. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2019, 229, 29-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.038] [PMID: 30287195]
[36]
Ballester-Costa, C.; Esther Sendra, I.D.; Juana Fernández-López, I.D.; Jose, A. Pérez-Álvarez, I.D.; Viuda-Martos, M. Assessment of antioxidant and antibacterial properties on meat homogenates of essential oils obtained from four thymus species achieved from organic growth. Foods, 2017, 6, 59-70.
[37]
Maissa, B.J.; Walid, H. Antifungal activity of chemically different essential oils from wild Tunisian Thymus spp. Nat. Prod. Res., 2015, 29(9), 869-873.
[38]
Tabti, L.; Dib, Mel.A.; Gaouar, N.; Samira, B.; Tabti, B. Antioxidant and antifungal activity of extracts of the aerial parts of Thymus capitatus (L.) hoffmanns against four phytopathogenic fungi of Citrus sinensis. Jundishapur J. Nat. Pharm. Prod., 2014, 9(1), 49-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.17795/jjnpp-13972] [PMID: 24644439]
[39]
Darvishi, E.; Omidi, M.; Bushehri, A.A.; Golshani, A.; Smith, M.L. Thymol antifungal mode of action involves telomerase inhibition. Med. Mycol., 2013, 51(8), 826-834.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13693786.2013.795664] [PMID: 23718894]
[40]
Ebani, V.V.; Najar, B.; Bertelloni, F.; Pistelli, L.; Mancianti, F.; Nardoni, S. Chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of sixteen essential oils against Escherichia coli and Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from poultry. Vet. Sci., 2018, 5(3), 62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci5030062] [PMID: 29941827]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
19
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy