Abstract
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) functions to ensure quality gene expression by degrading mRNAs that prematurely terminate translation. By so doing, it eliminates the production of potentially deleterious truncated proteins. NMD also degrades certain naturally occurring transcripts as a means of achieving proper levels of gene expression. With the exception of prokaryotes, NMD typifies all organisms that have been examined. As an example of its importance, NMD is required for the viability of mammalian blastocysts in culture as well as mammalian embryos in utero. The repertoire of factors that mediate NMD is larger in C. elegans, D. melanogaster, mammalian cells and, possibly, A. thaliana, than it is in S. cerevisiae and S. pombe. NMD requires not only a premature termination codon but also a downstream element. Whereas this element in S. cerevisiae, S. pombe, C. elegans, D. melanogaster and plants is debatably either a short cis-acting mRNA sequence or an abnormal 3 untranslated region, it is a splicing-generated exon junction complex of proteins in mammalian cells. In fact, NMD may have provided a selective pressure for where introns colonize within mammalian genes. There also appear to be differences among different eukaryotes as to whether NMD is restricted to newly synthesized mRNA or can also target steady-state mRNA. In summary, despite the conservation of NMD in eukaryotes, different mechanisms have evolved to define those premature termination codons that elicit NMD.
Keywords: nonsense-mediated mrna decay, rna surveillance, premature termination of translation, upf proteins
Current Genomics
Title: Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay: A Comparative Analysis of Different Species
Volume: 5 Issue: 3
Author(s): L. E. Maquat
Affiliation:
Keywords: nonsense-mediated mrna decay, rna surveillance, premature termination of translation, upf proteins
Abstract: Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) functions to ensure quality gene expression by degrading mRNAs that prematurely terminate translation. By so doing, it eliminates the production of potentially deleterious truncated proteins. NMD also degrades certain naturally occurring transcripts as a means of achieving proper levels of gene expression. With the exception of prokaryotes, NMD typifies all organisms that have been examined. As an example of its importance, NMD is required for the viability of mammalian blastocysts in culture as well as mammalian embryos in utero. The repertoire of factors that mediate NMD is larger in C. elegans, D. melanogaster, mammalian cells and, possibly, A. thaliana, than it is in S. cerevisiae and S. pombe. NMD requires not only a premature termination codon but also a downstream element. Whereas this element in S. cerevisiae, S. pombe, C. elegans, D. melanogaster and plants is debatably either a short cis-acting mRNA sequence or an abnormal 3 untranslated region, it is a splicing-generated exon junction complex of proteins in mammalian cells. In fact, NMD may have provided a selective pressure for where introns colonize within mammalian genes. There also appear to be differences among different eukaryotes as to whether NMD is restricted to newly synthesized mRNA or can also target steady-state mRNA. In summary, despite the conservation of NMD in eukaryotes, different mechanisms have evolved to define those premature termination codons that elicit NMD.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Maquat E. L., Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay: A Comparative Analysis of Different Species, Current Genomics 2004; 5 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202043349453
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202043349453 |
Print ISSN 1389-2029 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5488 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advanced AI Techniques in Big Genomic Data Analysis
The thematic issue on "Advanced AI Techniques in Big Genomic Data Analysis" aims to explore the cutting-edge methodologies and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the realm of genomic research, where vast amounts of data pose both challenges and opportunities. This issue will cover a broad spectrum of AI-driven strategies, ...read more
Advanced Computational Algorithms and Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Pharmacogenomics
In the era of personalized medicine, understanding the relationship between genetics and drug response is crucial. This issue delves into innovative methodologies, leveraging deep computational analysis and artificial intelligence, to enhance the field of Clinical Pharmacogenomics. The interdisciplinary approach harnesses the power of advanced high-throughput genotyping technologies, sophisticated computational analysis, ...read more
Applications of Single-cell Sequencing Technology in Reproductive Medicine
Single cell sequencing (SCS) technology utilizes individual cells' genetic material to sequence their genome, transcriptome, and epigenetics at the molecular level. It offers insights into cell heterogeneity and enables the study of limited biological materials. Since its recognition as a valuable technique in 2011, single cell sequencing has yielded numerous ...read more
Big Data in Cancer Research
Cancer is a significant threat to human life and health, remaining a highly aggressive killer. It is a leading cause of death worldwide and represents a crucial medical issue for humanity. However, in the past decade, the effectiveness of new synthetic anticancer agents has not matched the current clinical speculation. ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Expression, Function and Targeting of Haem Oxygenase-1 in Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Role of Glycoprotein H in Herpesvirus Membrane Fusion
Protein & Peptide Letters Trabectedin (Yondelis®) as a Therapeutic Option in Gynecological Cancers: A Focus on its Mechanisms of Action, Clinical Activity and Genomic Predictors of Drug Response
Current Drug Targets Targeting the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint for Breast Cancer Treatment
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Beneficial Role of Vitamin D in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Current HIV Research 3D Culture Modelling: An Emerging Approach for Translational Cancer Research in Sarcomas
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Single Fas Gene Mutation Changes Lupus Onset, Severity, Location, and Molecular Abnormalities in Mice
Current Molecular Medicine Biological Agents Involved in Malignant Mesothelioma: Relevance as Biomarkers or Therapeutic Targets
Current Cancer Drug Targets Laparoscopic Approach for Surgical Staging in Early Endometrial Cancer
Current Women`s Health Reviews The Application of Fungal Beta-glucans for the Treatment of Colon Cancer
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Hyperthermia Associated Osteonecrosis in Young Patients with Pelvic Malignancies
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Silver and Other Metals in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Targeting the Lung: Preclinical and Comparative Evaluation of Anticancer Aerosols in Dogs with Naturally Occurring Cancers
Current Cancer Drug Targets Co-formulation of P-glycoprotein Substrate and Inhibitor in Nanocarriers: An Emerging Strategy for Cancer Chemotherapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets Natural Antibodies: Protecting Role of IgM in Glioblastoma and Brain Tumours
Current Pharmaceutical Design Recent Techniques Used in Reproductive Medicine: Outcomes for Gametes Manipulation
Current Women`s Health Reviews Double-Faced Role of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Role/Challenges in Cancer Therapy
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Review on Triggered Liposomal Drug Delivery with a Focus on Ultrasound
Current Cancer Drug Targets Response to HAART in Treatment-Naive HIV-Infected Patients with a Prior Diagnosis of Tuberculosis or other Opportunistic Infections
Current HIV Research Endothelial Cell Aging and Apoptosis in Prevention and Disease: E-Selectin Expression and Modulation As A Model
Current Pharmaceutical Design