Abstract
Coumarins are a large group of substances, primarily of plant origin. Like their more intensively examined congeners flavonoids, many of them are antioxidants. Although such properties may be advantageous in cardiovascular diseases, it has been shown that coumarins exhibit direct effects on the cardiovascular system which are not based on antioxidant activity. The most common example is the well-known drug warfarin, a synthetic compound derived from natural dicoumarol. Moreover, other coumarins have been shown to possess antiplatelet and vasodilatory potential. Interestingly, the former effect may be mediated by the inhibition of various pathways leading to platelet aggregation, their differing effects on those pathways being due to structural differences between the various coumarins. Conversely, their vasodilatory potential is linked in the majority of cases to the inhibition of increases in intracellular calcium concentration in vascular smooth muscle cells, and in several coumarins also to NO-mediated vasodilatation. Available data on both activities are summarized in this review. At the end of this review, relevant data are provided from a few studies testing the in vivo effects of coumarins on major cardiovascular diseases; the clinical use of warfarin and other coumarin anticoagulants, as well as the limited data on the clinical use of coumarins in chronic venous insufficiency and the possible toxicological effects of coumarins.
Keywords: Antioxidant, Antiplatelet, Cardiovascular, Coumarin, Vasodilation, Warfarin.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Cardiovascular Effects of Coumarins Besides their Antioxidant Activity
Volume: 15 Issue: 9
Author(s): Iveta Najmanova, Martin Dosedel, Radomir Hrdina, Pavel Anzenbacher, Tomas Filipsky, Michal Riha and Premysl Mladenka
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antioxidant, Antiplatelet, Cardiovascular, Coumarin, Vasodilation, Warfarin.
Abstract: Coumarins are a large group of substances, primarily of plant origin. Like their more intensively examined congeners flavonoids, many of them are antioxidants. Although such properties may be advantageous in cardiovascular diseases, it has been shown that coumarins exhibit direct effects on the cardiovascular system which are not based on antioxidant activity. The most common example is the well-known drug warfarin, a synthetic compound derived from natural dicoumarol. Moreover, other coumarins have been shown to possess antiplatelet and vasodilatory potential. Interestingly, the former effect may be mediated by the inhibition of various pathways leading to platelet aggregation, their differing effects on those pathways being due to structural differences between the various coumarins. Conversely, their vasodilatory potential is linked in the majority of cases to the inhibition of increases in intracellular calcium concentration in vascular smooth muscle cells, and in several coumarins also to NO-mediated vasodilatation. Available data on both activities are summarized in this review. At the end of this review, relevant data are provided from a few studies testing the in vivo effects of coumarins on major cardiovascular diseases; the clinical use of warfarin and other coumarin anticoagulants, as well as the limited data on the clinical use of coumarins in chronic venous insufficiency and the possible toxicological effects of coumarins.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Najmanova Iveta, Dosedel Martin, Hrdina Radomir, Anzenbacher Pavel, Filipsky Tomas, Riha Michal and Mladenka Premysl, Cardiovascular Effects of Coumarins Besides their Antioxidant Activity, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2015; 15 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150220112437
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150220112437 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Arterial Dilatation-Related Diseases: The Prerequisite Condition of Arterial Elastic Tissue Damage and Endovascular Treatment
Recent Patents on Medical Imaging Structure-Activity Relationships of Low Molecular Weight Heparins Expose to the Risk of Achieving Inappropriate Targets in Patients with Renal Failure
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Brief Review of Cardiovascular Diseases, Associated Risk Factors and Current Treatment Regimes
Current Pharmaceutical Design Acute Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events on Antiplatelet Therapy: What is the Optimal Prevention Strategy?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Moderate Hyperhomocysteinemia and Immune Activation
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology TGF-β in Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis of Liver Carcinoma
Current Pharmaceutical Design Modern Treatment of Infection and Ischaemia to Reduce Major Amputation in the Diabetic Foot
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pharmacogenetically Tailored Treatments for Heart Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Effects of Psychological Stress on Depression
Current Neuropharmacology Technology Utilization to Prevent Medication Errors
Current Drug Safety Preparation and Application of Mucoadhesive Nanoparticles Containing Enoxaparin in a Wound Healing Animal Model
Current Nanoscience Emerging Advances in Nanomedicine as a Nanoscale Pharmacotherapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: State of the Art
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Bases of Liver Cancer Refractoriness to Pharmacological Treatment
Current Medicinal Chemistry Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents and Anaemia of End-Stage Renal Disease
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Entering the Era of Non-Basic P1 Site Groups: Discovery of Xarelto™ (Rivaroxaban)
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Heart Failure
Current Cardiology Reviews Growing Collateral Arteries On Demand
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Serum Cystatin C-A Useful Endogenous Marker of Renal Function in Intensive Care Unit Patients at Risk for or with Acute Renal Failure?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Towards a Stratified Targeted Approach with Biologic Treatments in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Role of Synovial Pathobiology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cardiovascular Physiology of Androgens and Androgen Testosterone Therapy in Postmenopausal Women
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets