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Changes in fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of goat colostrum

Zaharia N. (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, Iasi, Romania)
Salamon R. (Sapientia - Hungarian University of Transilvania, Csíksereza Campus, Libertatii, Miercurea-Ciuc, Romania)
Pascal C. (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, Iasi, Romania)
Salamon S. (Sapientia - Hungarian University of Transilvania, Csíksereza Campus, Libertatii, Miercurea-Ciuc, Romania)
Zaharia R. (University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, Iasi, Romania)

The purpose of this paper is to detect any changes in fatty acid and cholesterol content of goat colostrum in the period of 0-72 hours after kidding. For that purpose, samples of colostrum from 16 goats, belonging to local populations in north-eastern Romania where collected. Samples were preserved by freezing and then subjected to chemical analysis. Preparation of solutions for fatty acids analysis was based on the principle of methylation, by combining alkaline methylation (NaOCH3/MeOH) with acid (BF3/MeOH). For cholesterol we used the principle of fat saponification, using potassium hydroxide, followed by filtration and separation of cholesterol with hexane. Detection of cholesterol and fatty acids content was performed by gas chromatography device. Caprinic acid (C10:0), myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16: 0), stearic acid (C18:0) and oleic acid (C18:1) quantified more than 75% of the total fatty acids determined 72 hours after birth. Among short-medium-chain fatty acids, capronic acid (C6:0) was found in highest proportion (average concentration of 5.7% of total fatty acids), but at the same time, presented the most obvious oscillation range from 0 to 72 hours (6.56% at birth, 2.45% and 7.59% from 12 hours to 72 hours), with the differences between mean values being significant (p<0.05). In the case of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the ratio between omega 3 and omega 6 was 1/4.64 at kidding and 1/4.23 at 72 hours after birth, the differences being insignificant. In goat colostrum, the mean concentration of cholesterol was 9.43 mg per 100 g.

Keywords: goat colostrum, fatty acids, cholesterol