Genetika 2013 Volume 45, Issue 1, Pages: 135-144
https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR1301135D
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Dependence of the productivity of maize and soybean intercropping systems on hybrid type and plant arrangement pattern
Dolijanović Željko (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd)
Oljača Snežana (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd)
Kovačević Dušan (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd)
Simić Milena (Institut za kukuruz, “Zemun polje”, Zemun Polje, Beograd)
Momirović Nebojša (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd)
Jovanović Života (Institut za kukuruz, “Zemun polje”, Zemun Polje, Beograd)
Intercropping systems could improve utilization of the most important
resources (soil, water and nutrients), provide a better control of weeds,
pests and diseases, and finally higher productivity, especially under
rain-fed growing conditions. This study aimed to determine the effects of
three maize (Zea mays L.) prolific hybrids (FAO 500, 600 and 700) and the
spatial intercrop patterns on the above-ground biomass and grain yields of
maize and soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill), on chernozem soil type at Zemun
Polje, Belgrade, in 2003, 2004 and 2005. The experimental design was a
complete randomized block with four replications and three treatments: 3 rows
of maize and 3 rows of soybean in strips for each maize hybrid (three
variants, 3 rows of maize and 3 rows of soybean in alternate rows for each
hybrid (another three variants) and monocrops of both maize and soybeans. To
optimize the ecological and economic benefits of maize/soybean intercrop in
terms of yield, variety selection and compatibility of the component crops
should be made using established agronomic management practices involving the
two crops. Suitable maize varieties for maize/soybean intercrop systems are
varieties that have less dense canopy. These varieties would therefore have
lesser shading effect to the understory beans. However, establishment of an
appropriate spatial arrangement of the component crops would be essential to
alleviate negative effects especially on the less competitive crop. The
intercropping system in alternate rows showed significantly higher
above-ground biomass and grain yields in comparation with both the strip
intercropping system and maize monocrops in 2004. Soybean gave significantly
lower above-ground biomass and grain yield in intercrops than in monocrops.
Maize prolific hybrid growing in intercropping with soybean as legume crop,
increased productivity of cropping system, especially in favourable
agroecological conditions. Maize and soybean yields reduction could have also
been due to interspecific competition for resources such as nutrients and
water. Moreover, performance of the currently grown varieties in the
semi-arid regions depends on the amount of rainfall received during the
growing season.
Keywords: maize prolific hybrids, above-ground biomass, grain yield, intercrops and monocrops
Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR-31037:
Integrated system of field crop cultivation: conservation of biodiversity and
soil fertility