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Preparation and characterization of a new carbonaceous material for electrochemical systems

Lin Zi Ji (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China + Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing + Zhongke Laifang Power Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, China)
Xue Bu Hu (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China + Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing + Zhongke Laifang Power Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, China)
Huai Jian Yong (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China + Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing + Zhongke Laifang Power Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, China)
Deng Hua Zheng (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China + Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing + Zhongke Laifang Power Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, China)

A new carbonaceous material was successfully prepared by the pyrolysis of scrap tire rubber at 600°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. The physical characteristics of the prepared carbonaceous material were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was proved that the carbonaceous material had a disordered structure and spherical morphology with an average particle size about 100 nm. The prepared carbonaceous material was also used as electrodes in electrochemical systems to examine its electrochemical performances. It was demonstrated that it delivered a lithium insertion capacity of 658 mA h g-1 during the first cycle with a coulombic efficiency of 68 %. Cyclic voltammograms test results showed that a redox reaction occurred during the cycles. The chemical diffusion coefficient based on the impedance diagram was about 10-10 cm2 s-1. The pyrolytic carbonaceous material derived from scrap tire rubber is therefore considered to be a potential anode material in lithium secondary batteries or capacitors. Furthermore, it is advantageous for environmental protection.

Keywords: pyrolytic carbon, scrap tire rubber, carbonaceous materials, electrochemical performance, coulombic efficiency, chemical diffusion coefficient