doiSerbia

Frequency and characteristics of metabolic disorders in patients on haemodialysis

Stolić Radojica (Medicinski fakultet, Interna klinika, Kosovska Mitrovica)
Trajković Goran (Medicinski fakultet, Institut za medicinsku statistiku i informatiku, Kosovska Mitrovica)
Perić Vladan (Medicinski fakultet, Interna klinika, Kosovska Mitrovica)
Jovanović Aleksandar (Medicinski fakultet, Interna klinika, Kosovska Mitrovica)
Stolić Dragica (Dom zdravlja, Priština)
Sovtić Saša (Medicinski fakultet, Interna klinika, Kosovska Mitrovica)
Šubarić-Gorgieva Gordana (Medicinski fakultet, Interna klinika, Kosovska Mitrovica)

Background/Aim. Metabolic syndrome and malnutrition represent metabolic abnormalities which significantly characterize patients on haemodialysis. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence and find characteristics of metabolic disbalance in patients on haemodialysis. Methods. The study involved 124 patients on chronic haemodialysis at the Clinical Centre Kragujevac. There were analyzed demographic and anthropometric characteristics of the examined patients. Of clinical characteristics, there were determined smoking habit, time on dialysis, arterial pressure; of comorbide states there were recorded heart diseases and diabetes mellitus. Routine biochemical analyses were carried out by a standard laboratory procedure. Results. Metabolic syndrome was found in 29.8% of the examined patients. The patients with metabolic syndrome were older as compared to the patients without metabolic syndrome (58.45±12.91 vs 52.25±11.63 years). The values of systolic pressure (143.88±19.75 vs 133.01±22.93 mmHg; p = 0.014), body mass index (21.2±3.71 vs 19.4±2.88 kg/m2; p = 0.001), fat body mass (19.57±8.47 vs 16.45±5.82%; p = 0.0002) and waist scope (89±12.54 vs 96±12.34 cm; p = 0.0001) were significantly higher in the patients with metabolic syndrome as compared to those without metabolic syndrome. The values of erythrocytes (3.4±0.45 vs 19±0.53 × 1012; p = 0.04) and hemoglobin (107±15.76 vs 101±13.87 g/l; p = 0.009), glycaemia (9.5±8.15 vs 5.6±1.4 mmol/l; p = 0.04) triglycerides (2.44±1.8 vs 1.41±0.64 mmol/l; p = 0.007), HDL cholesterol (1.11±0.19 vs 0.82±0.25 mmol/l; p = 0.005) and albumins (32.5±5.6 vs 29.5±3.7 g/l; p = 0.007) were statistically higher in the patients with metabolic syndrome than in patients without disturbance. Diabetes mellitus was a significant etiological factor of renal insufficiency in the patients with metabolic syndrome (p = 0.008). Conclusion. In our study approximately 30% of patients on haemodialysis had pronounced metabolic syndrome. The older, more obese men with increased levels of triglycireds and glucose in the serum dominated among them. Diabetes mellitus was a leading etiological factor of renal insufficiency in these patients.

Keywords: metabolic syndrome X, malnutrition, haemodialysis