Elisa Dunkelberg
Institute for Ecological Economy Research, Berlin, Germany
Matthias Finkbeiner
Technische Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Bernd Hirschl
Institute for Ecological Economy Research, Berlin, Germany
P. Kuran
Warsaw University of Technology, Warszawa, Poland
S. Sieniutycz
Warsaw University of Technology, Warszawa, Poland
T. Jafary
Biotechnology Research Lab., Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University, Babol, Iran
G. D. Najafpour
Biotechnology Research Lab., Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University, Babol, Iran
A. A. Ghoreyshi
Biotechnology Research Lab., Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University, Babol, Iran
F. Haghparast
Biotechnology Research Lab., Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University, Babol, Iran
M. Rahimnejad
Biotechnology Research Lab., Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University, Babol, Iran
H. Zare
Biotechnology Research Lab., Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University, Babol, Iran
J. J. Coble
Department of Industrial Engineering. Nebrija Universidad. Madrid , Spain
A. Contreras
Department of Chemistry. ETSII. UNED. Madrid. Spain
Ignacio Mir
Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Metalúrgica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Rodrigo Escobar
Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Metalúrgica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Julio Vergara
Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Metalúrgica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Julio Bertrand
Empresa Nacional del Petróleo, ENA, Santiago, Chile
Jong Sung Kim
Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
Kersti Karltorp
Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Energy and Environment, Gothenburg, Sweden
Björn A. Sandén
Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Energy and Environment, Gothenburg, Sweden
Antoine Beylot
CYCLECO, Ambårieu-en-Bugey, France
Jérome Payet
CYCLECO, Ambårieu-en-Bugey, France
Clément Puech
Transånergie, Ecully, France
Nadine Adra
Transånergie, Ecully, France
Philippe Jacquin
PHK consultants, Ecully, France
Isabelle Blanc
MINES ParisTech Sophia Antipolis, France
Didier Beloin-Saint-Pierre
MINES ParisTech Sophia Antipolis, France
Alexandra Kowalczyk
Ruhr-University Bochum, Institute of Thermo and Fluid Dynamics, Bochum, Germany
Sebastian Schwede
Ruhr-University Bochum, Institute of Thermo and Fluid Dynamics, Bochum, Germany
Mandy Gerber
Ruhr-University Bochum, Institute of Thermo and Fluid Dynamics, Bochum, Germany
Roland Span
Ruhr-University Bochum, Institute of Thermo and Fluid Dynamics, Bochum, Germany
R. Zubizarreta
Andalusia Institute of Technology, Málaga, Spain
J. M. Cejudo
Grupo de Energåtica, Escuela Tåcnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, UMA. Málaga, Spain
J. P. Jiménez
Andalusia Institute of Technology, Málaga, Spain
Soumya Sri Sabyasachi Singh
Department of Mechanical Engineering, C.V. Raman College of Engineering, Bidyanagar, India
Dwijendra Kumar Ray
Department of Mechanical Engineering, C.V. Raman College of Engineering, Bidyanagar, India
Sunasira Misra
Department of Chemistry, C.V. Raman College of Engineering, Bidyanagar, India
Soumya Parida
Department of Chemistry, C.V. Raman College of Engineering, Bidyanagar, India
Debendra Kumar Sahu
Department of Chemistry, C.V. Raman College of Engineering, Bidyanagar, India
Bin-Juine Huang
New Energy Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Yu-Hsing Lin
New Energy Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Wei-Zhe Ton
New Energy Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Tung-Fu Hou
New Energy Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Yi-Hung Chuang
New Energy Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Pravin B. Dangar
Department of Electrical Engineering, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere,Raigad, Maharashtra, India
Santosh H. Kaware
Department of Electrical Engineering, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere,Raigad, Maharashtra, India
P. K. Katti
Department of Electrical Engineering, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere,Raigad, Maharashtra, India
Charlotta Isaksson
Department of education, communication and learning, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Adel O. Sharif
Centre for Osmosis Research & Applications, Chemical & Process Engineering Department, University of Surrey, UK
Ali A. Merdaw
Centre for Osmosis Research & Applications, Chemical & Process Engineering Department, University of Surrey, UK
Mohammed I. Sanduk
Centre for Osmosis Research & Applications, Chemical & Process Engineering Department, University of Surrey, UK
Sami M. Al-Aibi
Centre for Osmosis Research & Applications, Chemical & Process Engineering Department, University of Surrey, UK
Zena Rahal
Centre for Osmosis Research & Applications, Chemical & Process Engineering Department, University of Surrey, UK
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp11057620Published in: World Renewable Energy Congress - Sweden; 8-13 May; 2011; Linköping; Sweden
Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings 57:7, p. 620-627
The greenhouse gas (GHG) balance or carbon footprint of biofuels; generally calculated by life cycle assessments (LCA); is heavily influenced by the modeling of land use changes (LUC). This includes direct land use changes (DLUC) and indirect land use changes (ILUC). Various methodical approaches for the integration of ILUC in LCA have recently evolved. In this study several approaches for calculating ILUC and the effects on GHG balance are compared. These are economic modeling; deterministic modeling and regional modeling. Papers published on this topic since 2007; when the ILUC debate began; are reviewed considering the following main criteria: methodological approach; uncertainties of assumptions; and the level of the GHG emissions due to ILUC. The results show that the existing approaches lead to strongly divergent results. This is due to uncertainties about relevant assumptions; e.g. the methods of linking commodity prices to ILUC; assumptions about yields; soil carbon contents; and the effect of by-products. These uncertainties and other methodological inconsistencies; e.g. the allocation issue with respect to displacing vs. displaced crops; imply that further research is needed and that current methods are not robust enough for adoption in regulation.
Biofuels; Greenhouse-gas balance; Life cycle assessment; Indirect land use change; EU policy
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