Effects of Funneliformis mosseae on Root Metabolites and Rhizosphere Soil Properties to Continuously-Cropped Soybean in the Potted-Experiments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effect of F. mosseae on Root Rot Index and the AMF Colonization Rate in Different Conditions Potted-Soybean
2.2. Total DNA Extraction and Specific DNA Fragment Amplification from Root and Rhizosphere Soil
2.3. Metabolite Profiling in Continuously Cropped Soybean under Potted-Experiments
2.3.1. Metabolite Profiling of HN48 and HN66 Root Samples from Continuously Cropped Soybean under Potted-Experiments
2.3.2. Metabolite Profiling of HN48 and HN66 Soil Samples from Continuously Cropped Soybean under Potted-Experiments
2.4. Determination of Soybean Biomass and Rhizosphere Soil Physicochemical Properties from Continuously Cropped Soybean under Potted-Experiments
2.4.1. Measurement of Biomass in Continuously Cropped Soybean under Potted-Experiments
2.4.2. Determination of Rhizosphere Soil Physicochemical Properties in Continuously Cropped Soybean
3. Discussion
3.1. Effect of F. mosseae on The Disease Index of Root Rot in Two Soybean Cultivars over Three Years of Continuous Cropping Under Potted-Experiments
3.2. Effect of F. mosseae on Root Tissue Metabolites and Root Exudates Produced by the Two Cultivars over Three Years of Continuous Cropping under Potted-Experiments
3.3. Effect of F. mosseae on the Biomass and Physicochemical Properties of Rhizosphere Soil in Two Soybean Cultivars over Three Years of Continuous Cropping under Potted-Experiments
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Soybean Cultivars and Experimental Microbial Agent
4.2. Growth and Maintenance of Soybean Plants
4.3. Detection of Soybean Root Rot Index and AMF Colonization Rate
4.4. Test Sample Collection
4.5. DNA Extraction and Specific Fragment Amplification
4.6. Extraction and Identification of Root Metabolites
4.7. Determination of Continuously Cropped Soybean Biomass and Rhizosphere Soil Physicochemical Properties
4.8. Data Analysis
5. Conclusions
- F. mosseae can reduce the incidence of root rot in continuously cropped soybean.
- F. mosseae inoculation can affect the metabolite profiling in soybean roots.
- Inoculation with F. mosseae increase biomass in continuously cropped soybean.
- F. mosseae inoculation can improve the soybean rhizosphere microenvironment.
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Retention Time (min) | Compounds | Metabolic Level | VIP Value | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
11.049 | Benzoic acid, 2-fluoro-, ethyl ester | Down | 2.2149 | 0.0096 |
42.635 | Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | Down | 2.1669 | 0.0104 |
43.42 | Hexacosane | Down | 2.1321 | 0.0165 |
33.973 | Hexadecanoic acid | Up | 2.1125 | 0.0021 |
21.62 | Dodecane | Up | 2.0025 | 0.0214 |
43.13 | Tricosane, 2-methyl- | Down | 1.9423 | 0.0475 |
30.164 | 1,2-Benzenedic carboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester | Down | 1.916 | 0.0235 |
31.87 | n-Pentadecanoic acid | Down | 1.9012 | 0.0032 |
Retention Time (min) | Compounds | Metabolic Level | VIP Value | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
12.317 | Propanoic acid, 2-(hydroxyl)- | Up | 1.9188 | 0.0092 |
46.432 | Tetracosane | Down | 1.7592 | 0.0162 |
42.635 | Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | Down | 1.7348 | 0.0208 |
44.384 | Heptadecane, 9-hexyl- | Down | 1.7081 | 0.0024 |
33.943 | Hexadecanoic acid | Up | 1.6488 | 0.0196 |
31.803 | Benzenepropanoic acid,3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, methyl ester | Down | 1.6223 | 0.0157 |
37.588 | cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid | Down | 1.5762 | 0.0184 |
Retention Time (min) | Compounds | Metabolic Level | VIP Value | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
12.218 | Benzene, (1-methyl-1-butenyl)- | Down | 2.1285 | 0.0452 |
39.282 | Heptadecane, 2-methyl | Up | 2.0193 | 0.0314 |
42.476 | Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | Down | 1.9912 | 0.0299 |
35.533 | Heneicosane | Up | 1.9749 | 0.0189 |
20.077 | Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) | Down | 1.8462 | 0.0329 |
19.953 | Sulfurous acid, 2-propyl tetradecyl ester | Down | 1.8423 | 0.0415 |
18.119 | Naphthalene, 1,3-dimethyl- | Down | 1.8116 | 0.0235 |
26.006 | Heptadecane | Up | 1.8056 | 0.0032 |
Retention Time (min) | Compounds | Metabolic Level | VIP Value | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
42.476 | Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | Down | 2.1566 | 0.0252 |
34.814 | Octacosane | Down | 2.1169 | 0.0424 |
36.337 | Octadecane, 2-methyl- | Up | 1.9912 | 0.0299 |
31.742 | Benzene, (1-methyl-1-butenyl)- | Down | 1.9749 | 0.0189 |
32.181 | Dibutyl phthalate | Down | 1.9156 | 0.0154 |
44.694 | Tricosane | Up | 1.8641 | 0.0077 |
46.108 | Tetracosane | Up | 1.8544 | 0.0044 |
20.077 | Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) | Down | 1.8356 | 0.0012 |
38.422 | Octadecane | Up | 1.638 | 0.0216 |
26.03 | Heptadecane | Down | 1.638 | 0.0216 |
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Cui, J.-Q.; Sun, H.-B.; Sun, M.-B.; Liang, R.-T.; Jie, W.-G.; Cai, B.-Y. Effects of Funneliformis mosseae on Root Metabolites and Rhizosphere Soil Properties to Continuously-Cropped Soybean in the Potted-Experiments. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 2160. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms19082160
Cui J-Q, Sun H-B, Sun M-B, Liang R-T, Jie W-G, Cai B-Y. Effects of Funneliformis mosseae on Root Metabolites and Rhizosphere Soil Properties to Continuously-Cropped Soybean in the Potted-Experiments. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(8):2160. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms19082160
Chicago/Turabian StyleCui, Jia-Qi, Hai-Bing Sun, Ming-Bo Sun, Rui-Ting Liang, Wei-Guang Jie, and Bai-Yan Cai. 2018. "Effects of Funneliformis mosseae on Root Metabolites and Rhizosphere Soil Properties to Continuously-Cropped Soybean in the Potted-Experiments" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 8: 2160. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms19082160