Operation Method of a Load Test Device Using an Energy Storage System for Site Acceptance Test of a Fire-Fighting Emergency Generator
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Operation Characteristics of Field Load Test for Fire-Fighting Emergency Generator
2.1. Problems of the Field Load Test for Emergency Generator
2.2. Operation Characteristics of Field Load Test for Emergency Generator
3. Operation Algorithm of Load Test Device Using ESS for Fire-Fighting Emergency Generator
3.1. Operation Characteristics of Field Load Test for Emergency Generator
3.2. Operation Algorithm of Load Test Device Using ESS
4. Modeling of a Load Test Device Using ESS Based on PSCAD/EMTDC
4.1. Operation Characteristics of Field Load Test for an Emergency Generator
4.2. Modeling of Emergency Load
4.3. Modeling of the Load Test Device Using ESS
4.4. Entire Modeling of the Emergency Power System
5. Case Studies
5.1. Simulation Conditions
5.2. Characteristics of the Load Test Device Using ESS
5.3. Comparison Results
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- The simulation results of the emergency power system using PSCAD/EMTDC modeling show that the emergency load test characteristics of the emergency generator are almost identical to the load test characteristics of the ESS load test device. Therefore, the ESS load test device proposed in this paper is useful, because the performance of the generator can be checked in the same way as using the actual emergency load without shutting down the power supply.
- (2)
- When an ESS for load test of the fire-fighting emergency generator consistent with fire-fighting load capacity and characteristics is developed and distributed, it is possible to check and take measures in advance for operation faults and stopping of the emergency generator through the load operation test in the field. Therefore, it can greatly contribute to the improvement of the reliability of fire-fighting emergency power.
- (3)
- When the mobile ESS for load test plan is developed and distributed in the future, it is expected that the ESS should be able to provide complementary win–win business models, such as discharging the power charged to the ESS during emergency generator testing and selling it to an electric power company, or selling or leasing the ESS load test device to industries related to fire-fighting facility inspection.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Emergency Load | Type of Load | Capacity of Load | Demand Factor | Acceptance Load | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
kW | % | ||||
Fire-fighting load | Pumpingload1 | 65.82 | 100 | 65.82 | |
Pumpingload2 | 3.70 | 100 | 3.70 | ||
Fan1 | 9.00 | 100 | 9.00 | ||
Fan2 | 9.00 | 100 | 9.00 | ||
Fan3 | 3.84 | 100 | 3.84 | ||
Fan4 | 3.84 | 100 | 3.84 | ||
Elevator | 20.00 | 100 | 20.00 | 20.00 | |
Emergencylamp | 5.00 | 100 | 5.00 | 5.00 | |
Loadforfirefighting | 10.00 | 100 | 10.00 | 10.00 | |
Subtotal | 130.20 | 35.00 | 130.2 | ||
Normal customer load | Pumpingload1 | 11.52 | 100 | 11.52 | 11.52 |
Pumpingload2 | 9.00 | 100 | 9.00 | 9.00 | |
Pumpingload3 | 2.70 | 100 | 2.70 | 2.70 | |
Pumpingload4 | 2.70 | 100 | 2.70 | 2.70 | |
Pumpingload5 | 5.54 | 100 | 5.54 | 5.54 | |
Refrigerator | 10.20 | 100 | 10.20 | 10.20 | |
Heat Exchanger | 11.52 | 100 | 11.52 | 11.52 | |
Coolingload | 65.00 | 100 | 65.00 | 65.00 | |
Circulationpumpingload | 32.00 | 100 | 32.00 | 32.00 | |
Sub-total | 150.18 | 86.97 | 86.97 | ||
Total | 280.38 | 185.2 | 280.4 |
Case | Type of Load | Capacity of Rated Load | Capacity of Starting Load | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P.F | kW | kVar | kVA | P.F | kW | kVar | kVA | ||
Fire | Pumping load | 0.8 | 65.8 | 49.4 | 82.3 | 0.4 | 158.1 | 362.1 | 395.1 |
Fan load | 0.8 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 11.3 | 0.4 | 21.6 | 49.5 | 54.0 | |
L | 0.8 | 190.6 | 142.9 | 238.2 | |||||
R | 1.0 | 15.0 | 0 | 15.0 | |||||
Total | 280.4 | 199.0 | 346.7 | 179.7 | 411.6 | 449.1 | |||
Blackout | L | 0.8 | 170.2 | 127.6 | 212.7 | ||||
R | 1.0 | 15.0 | 0 | 15.0 | |||||
Total | 185.2 | 127.6 | 227.7 |
Time (s) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fire | Pumping load | |||||||||||||||
Fan load | ||||||||||||||||
L | ||||||||||||||||
R | ||||||||||||||||
Blackout | L | |||||||||||||||
R |
Type of Load | Capacity of Load | ||
---|---|---|---|
kW | kVar | kVA | |
Emergency load | 185.1 | 127.4 | 227.6 |
ESS | 185.3 | 127.7 | 227.9 |
Type of Load | Operation State of Pumping Load | Capacity of Load | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
kW | kVar | KVA | ||
Emergency load | Stop | 205.4 | 142.8 | 253.1 |
Starting-up | 372.5 | 511.6 | 659.7 | |
Steady-state | 280.2 | 199.1 | 346.5 | |
ESS | Stop | 205.5 | 142.9 | 253.4 |
Starting-up | 372.8 | 511.7 | 659.8 | |
Steady-state | 280.5 | 199.3 | 347.9 |
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Jin, J.; Choi, S.-K. Operation Method of a Load Test Device Using an Energy Storage System for Site Acceptance Test of a Fire-Fighting Emergency Generator. Energies 2021, 14, 5395. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14175395
Jin J, Choi S-K. Operation Method of a Load Test Device Using an Energy Storage System for Site Acceptance Test of a Fire-Fighting Emergency Generator. Energies. 2021; 14(17):5395. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14175395
Chicago/Turabian StyleJin, Juan, and Seung-Kyou Choi. 2021. "Operation Method of a Load Test Device Using an Energy Storage System for Site Acceptance Test of a Fire-Fighting Emergency Generator" Energies 14, no. 17: 5395. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14175395