Enhancement of Flotation Performance of Oxidized Coal by the Mixture of Laurylamine Dipropylene Diamine and Kerosene
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. Particle Size Distribution of Oil Droplets
2.2.2. Surface Tension Test
2.2.3. Contact Angle Measurement
2.2.4. XPS Analysis
2.2.5. FTIR Test
2.2.6. Flotation Test
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Comparisons of Flotation Performance between Emulsified Oil and Kerosene
3.2. Improvement of the Oxidized Coal Surface Hydrophobicity
3.2.1. Contact Angle
3.2.2. Oil Droplet Size
3.2.3. XPS Analysis
3.2.4. FTIR Results
3.3. Generation of a Stable Froth
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- LDD, an amine derivative, has excellent antistatic, emulsifying, lubricating, solubilizing, antibacterial, sterilizing, and anticorrosive properties. It is an environmentally friendly agent.
- (2)
- The hydrophilic functional groups of LDD adsorb the hydrophilic sites on the coal surface through hydrogen bonds, exposing the hydrophobic end to the bubbles, which makes the content of hydrophobic functional groups on the coal surface vary greatly, and the hydrophobic end may cover part of the hydrophilic sites on the coal surface. It provides a “hydrophobic bridge” that adheres to kerosene through van der Waals forces, enhancing the hydrophobicity of the coal surface.
- (3)
- The addition of LDD reduces the surface tension of the solution from 72 mN/m to 41 mN/m. For emulsified kerosene, smaller oil droplets can be formed, which improves the efficiency of kerosene.
- (4)
- LDD offsets the adverse effects of collectors (kerosene) on the froth layer, greatly increasing the height of the froth layer. In addition, due to the foaming performance of the emulsifier, no additional foaming agent is needed, which greatly reduces the production cost.
- (5)
- For oxidized coal with 12 h of oxidation time, the flotation yield increased from around 20% (using kerosene only) to around 40% (using emulsified kerosene).
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mad (%) | Aad (%) | Vdaf (%) | FCdaf (%) |
---|---|---|---|
2.41 | 3.50 | 35.62 | 58.47 |
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Zhang, Q.; Niu, C.; Bu, X.; Bilal, M.; Ni, C.; Peng, Y. Enhancement of Flotation Performance of Oxidized Coal by the Mixture of Laurylamine Dipropylene Diamine and Kerosene. Minerals 2021, 11, 1271. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/min11111271
Zhang Q, Niu C, Bu X, Bilal M, Ni C, Peng Y. Enhancement of Flotation Performance of Oxidized Coal by the Mixture of Laurylamine Dipropylene Diamine and Kerosene. Minerals. 2021; 11(11):1271. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/min11111271
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Qingshan, Chenkai Niu, Xiangning Bu, Muhammad Bilal, Chao Ni, and Yaoli Peng. 2021. "Enhancement of Flotation Performance of Oxidized Coal by the Mixture of Laurylamine Dipropylene Diamine and Kerosene" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1271. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/min11111271