Giardia duodenalis genotypes among schoolchildren and their families and pets in urban and rural areas of Sinaloa, Mexico

Authors

  • Patricia Catalina García-Cervantes Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico
  • María Elena Báez-Flores Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico
  • Francisco Delgado-Vargas Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico
  • Martha Ponce-Macotela National Pediatrics Institute, Insurgentes South number 3700-C, Colonia Insurgentes Cuicuilco. Coyoacan, Mexico City Mexico
  • Yukifumi Nawa Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
  • María del-Carmen de-la-Cruz-Otero Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico
  • Mario N. Martínez-Gordillo National Pediatrics Institute, Insurgentes South number 3700-C, Colonia Insurgentes Cuicuilco. Coyoacan, Mexico City Mexico
  • Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.8223

Keywords:

Giardia genotypes, variant-specific surface protein 417, vsp417, glutamate dehydrogenase

Abstract

Introduction: Giardiasis is a human health concern worldwide, especially among schoolchildren. Giardia duodenalis genotypes A and B are infective to humans, but their zoonotic potential remains controversial. In Mexico, the most prevalent genotype is A, but B was also detected in southeastern Mexico. In Sinaloa state, northwestern Mexico, giardiasis is highly prevalent, but Giardia genotypes have been poorly studied.

Methodology: This study aimed to investigate the distribution and clinical-epidemiological correlation of G. duodenalis genotypes in schoolchildren and their families and pets in urban and rural areas of Sinaloa state, Mexico.

Results: Among 395 schoolchildren (274 urban, 121 rural), 76 (49 urban, 27 rural) were infected with G. duodenalis. In total, 22 families (15 urban, 7 rural) of infected schoolchildren, consisting of 60 family members (41 urban, 19 rural) and 21 pet dogs (15 urban, 6 rural) were examined; 10 family members (5 urban, 5 rural) and 5 pet dogs (3 urban, 2 rural) of 10 families (6 urban, 4 rural) were infected. After PCR-RFLP analyses of vsp417 and gdh genes, genotype prevalence among infected urban schoolchildren was 79.5% AI, 12.8% AII, and 7.7% mixed AI+B. However, only AI genotype was found in family members and pets. In the rural area, only the AI genotype was detected. Genotypes were not correlated with clinical manifestations.

Conclusions: This paper shows the presence of B genotype in northwestern Mexico for the first time. Detection of AI genotype in dogs suggested the possible role of dogs as the reservoir for human giardiasis in Sinaloa, Mexico.

Author Biographies

Patricia Catalina García-Cervantes, Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico

Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences

María Elena Báez-Flores, Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico

Professor in the Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences

Francisco Delgado-Vargas, Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico

Head of the "Laboratorio de Quimica de Productos Naturales"

Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences

Martha Ponce-Macotela, National Pediatrics Institute, Insurgentes South number 3700-C, Colonia Insurgentes Cuicuilco. Coyoacan, Mexico City Mexico

Researcher in the Experimental Parasitology Laboratory

Yukifumi Nawa, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

Researcher in the "Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine"

María del-Carmen de-la-Cruz-Otero, Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico

Researcher in the Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences

Mario N. Martínez-Gordillo, National Pediatrics Institute, Insurgentes South number 3700-C, Colonia Insurgentes Cuicuilco. Coyoacan, Mexico City Mexico

Researcher in the Experimental Parasitology Laboratory

Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho, Autonomous University of Sinaloa (UAS) Sinaloa, Mexico

Head of the "Public Heath Research Unit Dra. Kaethe Willms".

Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences

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Published

2017-02-28

How to Cite

1.
García-Cervantes PC, Báez-Flores ME, Delgado-Vargas F, Ponce-Macotela M, Nawa Y, de-la-Cruz-Otero M del-C, Martínez-Gordillo MN, Díaz-Camacho SP (2017) Giardia duodenalis genotypes among schoolchildren and their families and pets in urban and rural areas of Sinaloa, Mexico. J Infect Dev Ctries 11:180–187. doi: 10.3855/jidc.8223

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Section

Original Articles