Microstructure of CuO Assisted Activated Carbon Adsorbent from Rubber Wood Sawdust Produced by Mechanochemical Processing

Article Preview

Abstract:

A series of single carbon source and metal oxide assisted carbon source were prepared by mechanochemical process followed by carbothermal reduction which obtained via the reaction between activated carbon (AC) from rubber wood sawdust (Havea brasiliensis) and CuO precussor. Microstructure of the single AC and CuO assisted AC (CuO-AC) has been studied using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The products were further characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal analysis (TG and DTA). A significant difference of the microstructure between AC and CuO-AC samples were observed in FESEM micrograph. The micrograph of single AC in indicates porous structure with numerous pores present due to dehydration of volatile matters. Milling process and reduction of CuO by AC has contributed to the increasing formation of porous structure with nanopore size ranging from 100-200 nm. TG and DTA results revealed that single AC and CuO-AC have a significant difference in thermal decomposition and stability. Doping of CuO to AC has affected the exothermic and endothermic reaction of the samples. These were further being clarified by X-ray diffraction where phase analysis is studied. It was found that the addition of CuO to AC brought a significant increase in the degree of crystallinity which is accompanied by mechanochemical process followed by carbothermal reduction to produce Cu. Incomplete reduction also cause the formation of Cu2O. Production of CuO-AC were successfully characterized and revealed the potential enhancement for waste treatment.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Info:

Periodical:

Solid State Phenomena (Volume 264)

Pages:

215-219

Citation:

Online since:

September 2017

Export:

Price:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] M. El Zayat and E. Smith, Removal of Heavy Metals by Using Activated Carbon Produced from Cotton Stalks Mohamed El Zayat and Edward Smith Environmental Engineering Program, the American University in Cairo, p.1–9, (2006).

DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.037

Google Scholar

[2] C. Yang, M. Kheireddine, W. Mohd, and A. Wan, Review of modifications of activated carbon for enhancing contaminant uptakes from aqueous solutions, vol. 52, p.403–415, (2007).

DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2006.06.009

Google Scholar

[3] X. Li, T. Xia, H. Dong, Q. Shang, and Y. Song, Preparation of nickel modified activated carbon/AB5 alloy composite and its electrochemical hydrogen absorbing properties, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 38, no. 21, p.8903–8908, Jul. (2013).

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.05.039

Google Scholar

[4] P. A. Barnes, M. J. Chinn, E. A. Dawson, and P. R. Norman, Preparation , Characterisation and Application of Metal-doped Carbons, p.817–833, (2002).

DOI: 10.1260/02636170260555750

Google Scholar

[5] Y. Kikuchi, Q. Qian, M. Machida, and H. Tatsumoto, Effect of ZnO loading to activated carbon on Pb(II) adsorption from aqueous solution, Carbon N. Y., vol. 44, no. 2, p.195–202, Feb. (2006).

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.07.040

Google Scholar

[6] O. Hernandez-ramirez and S. M. Holmes, Novel and modified materials for wastewater treatment applications, no. December 2007, p.2751–2761, (2008).

Google Scholar

[7] J. C. Moreno-Piraján, J. Tirano, B. Salamanca, and L. Giraldo, Activated carbon modified with copper for adsorption of propanethiol., Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 11, no. 3, p.927–42, Jan. (2010).

DOI: 10.3390/ijms11030927

Google Scholar

[8] G. Ghanizadeh, M. H. Ehrampoush, and M. T. Ghaneian, Application of Iron Impregnated Activated Carbon for Removal of Arsenic From Water, Iranian J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng., vol. 7, no. 2, p.145–156, (2010).

Google Scholar

[9] R. Nickolov, N. Stankova, M. Khristova, and D. Mehandjiev, Copper oxide supported on carbon modified alumina as catalyst for reduction of NO with CO, J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 265, no. 1, p.121–128, Sep. (2003).

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9797(03)00278-9

Google Scholar

[10] W. Leong, E. Wong, and M. Gupta, Using Microwave Energy to Synthesize Light Weight/Energy Saving Magnesium Based Materials: A Review, p.1–18, (2015).

DOI: 10.3390/technologies3010001

Google Scholar

[11] W. K. Koo, N. A. Gani, M. S. Shamsuddin, N. S. Subki, and M. A. Sulaiman, Comparison of Wastewater Treatment using Activated Carbon from Bamboo and Oil Palm : An Overview, J. Trop. Resour. Sustain. Sci., vol. 3, no. 1, p.54–60, (2015).

DOI: 10.47253/jtrss.v3i1.689

Google Scholar

[12] A. H. Abdullah, W. W. Yuan, and M. I. Yaziz, Decolourisation of Reactive Orange 16 by Activated Carbon and Copper Oxide Catalysts Supported by Activated Carbon support . This study investigates the effect of HNO 3 -modified AC and its corresponding Cu-supported catalyst on the decolourisation of Rea, vol. 21, no. 2, p.29–40, (2010).

Google Scholar

[13] N. Selvanathan, N. S. Subki, and M. A. Sulaiman, Dye Adsorbent by Activated Carbon, J. Trop. Resour. Sustain. Sci., vol. 3, no. 1, p.169–173, (2015).

DOI: 10.47253/jtrss.v3i1.552

Google Scholar

[14] W. K. Koo, M. A. Sulaiman, N. S. Subki, M. Mohamed, M. N. Masri, M. B. Abu Bakar, M. H. Mohamad Amini, and N. A. A. Nik Yusuf, Treatment of Oily Waste Using Activated Carbon from Agriculture Waste, Mater. Sci. Forum, vol. 840, p.432–437, (2016).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.840.432

Google Scholar

[15] M. K. Clay, K. R. Kumric, B. Đ, T. M. Trtic, N. S. Vukelic, Z. Stojanovic, J. D. G. Novakovic, and L. L. Matovic, Simultaneous Removal of Divalent Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions Using Raw and Mechanochemically Treated Interstrati fi ed, (2013).

Google Scholar

[16] M. S. Shamsuddin, N. R. N. Yusoff, and M. A. Sulaiman, Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from Kenaf Core Fiber Using H3PO4 Activation, Procedia Chem., vol. 19, p.558–565, (2016).

DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.053

Google Scholar

[17] B. Hong, G. Xue, L. Weng, and X. Guo, Pretreatment of moso bamboo with dilute phosphoric acid, BioResources, vol. 7, no. 4, p.4902–4913, (2012).

DOI: 10.15376/biores.7.4.4902-4913

Google Scholar

[18] T. Khadiran, M. Z. Hussein, Z. Zainal, and R. Rusli, com Textural and Chemical Properties of Activated Carbon Prepared from Tropical Peat Soil by Chemical Activation Method, vol. 10, p.986–1007, (2015).

DOI: 10.15376/biores.10.1.986-1007

Google Scholar

[19] S. M. Yakout and G. S. El-deen, Characterization of activated carbon prepared by phosphoric acid activation of olive stones, Arab. J. Chem., (2012).

DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2011.12.002

Google Scholar

[20] A. Alsultan, A. Mijan, and T. Yap, Preparation of Activated Carbon from Walnut Shell Doped La and Ca Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil, Mater. Sci. Forum, vol. 840, no. 3, p.348–352, (2016).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.840.348

Google Scholar

[21] A. Barroso-Bogeat, M. Alexandre-Franco, C. Fernández-González, and V. Gómez-Serrano, Activated carbon surface chemistry: Changes upon impregnation with Al(III), Fe(III) and Zn(II)-metal oxide catalyst precursors from NO3− aqueous solutions, Arab. J. Chem., no. 3, (2016).

DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.02.018

Google Scholar