J Korean Acad Nurs. 2010 Apr;40(2):298-305. Korean.
Published online Apr 30, 2010.
Copyright © 2010 Korean Society of Nursing Science
Original Article

Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy

Kyeong-Sook Cha,1 Ok-Hee Cho,2 and So-Yeon Yoo3
    • 1Registered Nurse, Department of Infection Control, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Korea.
    • 2Full-time Lecturer, Department of Nursing, Hyechon University, Daejeon, Korea.
    • 3Unit Manager, Department of Infection Control, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Korea
Received February 04, 2010; Revised February 05, 2010; Accepted April 16, 2010.

Abstract

Purpose

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) after craniotomy.

Methods

This study was a retrospective case-control study of 103 patients who had craniotomies between March 2007 and December 2008. A retrospective review of prospectively collected databases of consecutive patients who underwent craniotomy was done. SSIs were defined by using the Centers for Disease Control criteria. Twenty-six cases (infection) and 77 controls (no infection) were matched for age, gender and time of surgery. Descriptive analysis, t-test, χ2-test and logistic regression analyses were used for data analysis.

Results

The statistical difference between cases and controls was significant for hospital length of stay (>14 days), intensive care unit stay more than 15 days, Glasgrow Coma Scale (GCS) score (≤7 days), extra-ventricular drainage and coexistent infection. Risk factors were identified by logistic regression and included hospital length of stay of more than 14 days (odds ratio [OR]=23.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.53-216.11) and GCS score (≤7 scores) (OR=4.71, 95% CI=1.64-13.50).

Conclusion

The results of this study show that patients are at high risk for infection when they have a low level of consciousness or their length hospital stay is long term. Nurses have to take an active and continuous approach to infection control to help with patients having these risk factors.

Keywords
Craniotomy; Risk factors; Health care-associated infections

Tables

Table 1
General Characteristics of the Patients

Table 2
Comparison of Surgical Site Infections Associated Variables between Infection and Non-infection Group

Table 3
Predictors of Surgical Site Infections using Univariate Analysis

Table 4
Predictors of Surgical Site Infections using Stepwise Logistic Regression

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