Community-acquired pneumonia: Changing paradigms about mortality

Short and long term mortality in CAP

Authors

  • Antoni Torres Department of Pulmonology, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4103/2225-6482.141744

References

Blasi F, Mantero M, Santus P, Tarsia P. Understanding the burden of pneumococcal disease in adults. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012;18 Suppl 5:7-14.

World Health Organization. The top ten causes of death. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310.pdf Date. [Last accessed on 2013 Sep 04].

Welte T, Torres A, Nathwani D. Clinical and economic burden of community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Europe. Thorax 2012;67:71-9.

Ewig S, Birkner N, Strauss R, Schaefer E, Pauletzki J, Bischoff H, et al. New perspectives on community-acquired pneumonia in 388 406 patients. Results from a nationwide mandatory performance measurement programme in healthcare quality. Thorax 2009;64:1062-9.

Bartolomé M, Almirall J, Morera J, Pera G, Ortún V, Bassa J, et al. A population-based study of the costs of care for community-acquired pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2004;23:610-6.

Sicras-Mainar A, Ibáñez-Nolla J, Cifuentes I, Guijarro P, Navarro-Artieda R, Aguilar L. Retrospective epidemiological study for the characterization of community- acquired pneumonia and pneumococcal pneumonia in adults in a well-defined area of Badalona (Barcelona, Spain). BMC Infect Dis 2012;12:283.

European Respiratory Society European Lung Foundation. Pneumonia. European Lung White Book. 2 nd ed. Sheffield, UK: Europen Respiratory Society; 2003. p. 55-65.

Gibson GJ, Loddenkemper R, Lundbäck B, Sibille Y. Respiratory health and disease in Europe: The new European Lung White Book. Eur Respir J 2013;42:559-63.

Almirall J, Bolíbar I, Serra-Prat M, Roig J, Hospital I, Carandell E, et al. New evidence of risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia: A population-based study. Eur Respir J 2008;31:1274-84.

Gutiérrez F, Masiá M, Rodríguez JC, Mirete C, Soldán B, Padilla S, et al. Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients at the dawn of the 21st century: A prospective study on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. Clin Microbiol Infect 2005;11:788-800.

Vila-Corcoles A, Ochoa-Gondar O, Rodriguez-Blanco T, Raga-Luria X, Gomez-Bertomeu F, EPIVAC Study Group. Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in older adults: A population-based study. Respir Med 2009;103:309-16.

Torres A, Peetermans WE, Viegi G, Blasi F. Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: A literature review. Thorax 2013;68:1057-65.

Baik I, Curhan GC, Rimm EB, Bendich A, Willett WC, Fawzi WW. A prospective study of age and lifestyle factors in relation to community-acquired pneumonia in US men and women. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:3082-8.

Koivula I, Sten M, Mäkelä PH. Risk factors for pneumonia in the elderly. Am J Med 1994;96:313-20.

Müllerova H, Chigbo C, Hagan GW, Woodhead MA, Miravitlles M, Davis KJ, et al. The natural history of community-acquired pneumonia in COPD patients: A population database analysis. Respir Med 2012;106:1124-33.

Rodríguez LA, Ruigómez A, Wallander MA, Johansson S. Acid-suppressive drugs and community-acquired pneumonia. Epidemiology 2009;20:800-6.

Kornum JB, Nørgaard M, Dethlefsen C, Due KM, Thomsen RW, Tjønneland A, et al. Obesity and risk of subsequent hospitalisation with pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2010;36:1330-6.

Pérez-Sola MJ, Torre-Cisneros J, Pérez-Zafrilla B, Carmona L, Descalzo MA, Gómez-Reino JJ, et al. Infections in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists: Incidence, etiology and mortality in the BIOBADASER registry. Med Clin (Barc) 2011;137:533-40.

Bénard A, Mercié P, Alioum A, Bonnet F, Lazaro E, Dupon M, et al. Bacterial pneumonia among HIV-infected patients: Decreased risk after tobacco smoking cessation. ANRS CO3 Aquitaine Cohort, 2000-2007. PLoS One 2010;5:e8896.

Saindou M, Chidiac C, Miailhes P, Voirin N, Baratin D, Amiri M, et al. Pneumococcal pneumonia in HIV-infected patients by antiretroviral therapy periods. HIV Med 2008;9:203-7.

Arnold FW, Ramirez JA, McDonald LC, Xia EL. Hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia: The pneumonia severity index vs clinical judgment. Chest 2003;124:121-4.

World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2001. Healthy life expectancy. WHO Statistics, 2001. Available from: http://www.who.int/whr/2001/en/annex4_en.pdf?ua=1. [Last accessed on 2014 Sep 15]

Trotter CL, Stuart JM, George R, Miller E. Increasing hospital admissions for pneumonia, England. Emerg Infect Dis 2008;14:727-33.

Chalmers JD, Akram AR, Hill AT. Increasing outpatient treatment of mild community-acquired pneumonia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J 2011;37:858-64.

Julián-Jiménez A, González-Castillo J, Candel González FJ. When, where and how should a patient with community acquired pneumonia be admitted? Rev Clin Esp (Barc) 2013;213:99-107.

Mortensen EM, Coley CM, Singer DE, Marrie TJ, Obrosky DS, Kapoor WN, et al. Causes of death for patients with community-acquired pneumonia: Results from the Pneumonia Patient Outcomes Research Team cohort study. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:1059-64.

File TM Jr, Marrie TJ. Burden of community-acquired pneumonia in North American adults. Postgrad Med 2010;122:130-41.

Waterer GW, Kessler LA, Wunderink RG. Medium-term survival after hospitalization with community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;169:910-4.

Lim WS, Baudouin SV, George RC, Hill AT, Jamieson C, Le Jeune I, et al. BTS guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in adults: Update 2009. Thorax 2009;64 Suppl 3:iii1-55.

Adamuz J, Viasus D, Jiménez-Martínez E, Isla P, Garcia-Vidal C, Dorca J, et al. Incidence, timing and risk factors associated with 1-year mortality after hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia. J Infect 2014;68:534-41.

Mortensen EM, Kapoor WN, Chang CC, Fine MJ. Assessment of mortality after long-term follow-up of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:1617-24.

Koivula I, Stén M, Mäkelä PH. Prognosis after community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly: A population-based 12-year follow-up study. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1550-5.

Cillóniz C, Ewig S, Polverino E, Marcos MA, Prina E, Sellares J, et al. Community-acquired pneumonia in outpatients: Aetiology and outcomes. Eur Respir J 2012;40:931-8.

Tang VL, Halm EA, Fine MJ, Johnson CS, Anzueto A, Mortensen EM. Predictors of rehospitalization after admission for pneumonia in the veterans affairs healthcare system. J Hosp Med 2014;9:379-83.

Ma HM, Yu RH, Woo J. Recurrent hospitalisation with pneumonia is associated with higher 1-year mortality in frail older people. Intern Med J 2013;43:1210-5.

Brancati FL, Chow JW, Wagener MM, Vacarello SJ, Yu VL. Is pneumonia really the old man′s friend? Two-year prognosis after community-acquired pneumonia. Lancet 1993;342:30-3.

Yende S, D′Angelo G, Kellum JA, Weissfeld L, Fine J, Welch RD, et al. Inflammatory markers at hospital discharge predict subsequent mortality after pneumonia and sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008;177:1242-7.

Johnstone J, Eurich DT, Majumdar SR, Jin Y, Marrie TJ. Long-term morbidity and mortality after hospitalization with community-acquired pneumonia: A population-based cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2008;87:329-34.

Kaplan V, Angus DC, Griffin MF, Clermont G, Scott Watson R, Linde-Zwirble WT. Hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly: Age- and sex-related patterns of care and outcome in the United States. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:766-72.

Bruns AH, Oosterheert JJ, Cucciolillo MC, El Moussaoui R, Groenwold RH, Prins JM, et al. Cause-specific long-term mortality rates in patients recovered from community-acquired pneumonia as compared with the general Dutch population. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011;17:763-8.

Bordon J, Wiemken T, Peyrani P, Paz ML, Gnoni M, Cabral P, et al. Decrease in long-term survival for hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 2010;138:279-83.

Downloads

Published

2014-09-25

How to Cite

1.
Torres A. Community-acquired pneumonia: Changing paradigms about mortality: Short and long term mortality in CAP. Community Acquir Infect. 2014;1. doi:10.4103/2225-6482.141744

Issue

Section

Editorial

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.