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Noh, Cho, Han, Lee, Kim, Chu, Lee, Nam, Park, Shin, Cho, Song, and Ju: Seroepidemiological Characteristics of Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome from 1996 to 2005 in Korea
Original Article

J Bacteriol Virol 2006;36(4):263-269.

Published online: 18 February 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4167/jbv.2006.36.4.263

Seroepidemiological Characteristics of Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome from 1996 to 2005 in Korea

Yoon-Tae Noh1, Jung-Eun Cho1, Myung Guk Han1, Na-Yeon Lee1, Su-Yeon Kim1, Chaeshin Chu2, Ho-Dong Lee1, Jae-Hwan Nam3, Keun-Yong Park1, Young-Hack Shin1, Hae Wol Cho1, Hyeon-Je Song4, Young-Ran Ju1

1Division of Arboviruses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, 194, Tongil-lo, Eunpyung-gu, Seoul 122-701, Korea

2Division of Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Institute of Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 194, Tongil-lo, Eunpyung-gu, Seoul 122-701, Korea

3Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok dong, Wonmi-ku, Bucheon 420-743, Korea

4Division of Microbiology, Jeollanam-do Institute of Health and Environment, Gwangju 502-810, Korea

Received 23 August 2006       Accepted 30 October 2006

Copyright © 2006 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Hantaan viruses has been one of the principal acute febrile disease in Korea. To analysis the sero-epidemiological patterns of HFRS, 4,177 patient sera of acute febrile illness submitted for serological assay to National Institute of Health from Community Health Centers, Institutes of Health and Environment and hospitals from 1996 to 2005 were examined for antibodies against Hantaan virus by indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA). Serum samples with greater than 1:32 antibody titer were considered positive. The results were analyzed seroepidemiologically by annual, sexual, seasonal, age and regional distribution of HFRS patients. Out of 4,177 serum samples tested, 1,415 samples (33.9%) were positive to Hantaan virus. The ratio of males (48.2%, 682/1,415) to females (38.2%, 541/1,415) was 1.3:1. Seasonal incidence showed that 69.5% (985/1,415) of cases occurred from October to December, resulting with higher prevalence in November (41.3%, 584/1,415). Regionally, seropositive rates of samples collected in Gyenggi, Gangwon and Chungbuk were 39.9% (564/1,415), 19.3% (274/1,415) and 8.5% (120/1,1415), respectively. Age distributions of seropositive of HFRS were detected from 20 to 79 years (78%).

Keywords: Hantaan virus, Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Indirect immunofluorescent assay

References

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Figure 1.
Annual distribution of seropositive cases to Hantaan virus from 1996 to 2005 in Korea.
jbv-36-263f1.tif
Figure 2.
Monthly distribution of seropositive cases to Hantaan virus from 1996 to 2005 in Korea.
jbv-36-263f2.tif
Figure 3.
Regional distribution of seropositive cases to Hantaan virus from 1996 to 2005 in Korea (N.I.: not identified).
jbv-36-263f3.tif
Table 1.
Annual distribution of seropositive cases to Hantaan virus from 1996 to 2005 in Korea
Year Serum tested Seropositive
No. %
1996 226 49 21.7
1997 376 185 49.2
1998 1,297 487 37.5
1999 302 159 52.7
2000 675 265 39.2
2001 269 42 15.6
2002 206 42 20.4
2003 274 44 16.1
2004 281 47 16.7
2005 271 95 35.0
Total 4,177 1,415 33.9
Table 2.
Analysis of seropositive cases to Hantaan virus from 1996 to 2005 in Korea by logistic regression
Year Estimate p-value
1996 1.00  
1997 1.25 <0.01
1998 0.78 <0.01
1999 1.39 <0.01
2000 0.85 <0.01
2001 –0.40 0.08
2002 –0.08 0.74
2003 –0.37 0.11
2004 –0.32 0.16
2005 0.67 0.001
Table 3.
Sexual distribution of seropositive cases to Hantaan virus from 1996 to 2005 in Korea
Year No. of seropositive cases (%)
Male Female ∗N.I.
1996 33 (67.3) 10 (20.4) 6 (12.2)
1997 73 (39.4) 90 (48.6) 22 (11.9)
1998 172 (35.3) 221 (45.4) 94 (19.3)
1999 85 (53.4) 66 (41.5) 8 (5.0)
2000 186 (70.2) 31 (11.7) 48 (3.4)
2001 27 (64.3) 15 (35.7) 0
2002 30 (71.4) 12 (28.6) 0
2003 23 (52.3) 20 (45.4) 1 (2.3)
2004 20 (42.5) 26 (55.3) 1 (2.1)
2005 33 (34.7) 50 (52.6) 12 (12.6)
Total 682 (48.2) 541 (38.2) 192 (13.6)

∗ N.I.: not identified

Table 4.
Monthly distribution of seropositive cases to Hantaan virus from 1996 to 2005 in Korea
Month No. of seropositive cases by year Total (%)
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Jan. 11 6 12 7 11 1 1 2 0 2 53 (3.7)
Feb. 1 82 8 5 7 0 1 2 2 2 110 (7.8)
Mar. 0 31 7 2 2 0 0 0 1 1 44 (3.1)
Apr. 3 3 8 5 1 1 0 0 1 0 22 (1.6)
May. 2 6 2 10 1 2 4 4 1 1 33 (2.3)
Jun. 0 5 12 7 11 3 4 6 1 7 56 (4.0)
Jul. 5 1 7 5 1 1 4 1 3 3 31 (2.2)
Aug. 0 6 7 3 5 4 6 0 0 1 32 (2.3)
Sep. 3 0 9 16 4 5 4 5 1 2 49 (3.5)
Oct. 3 3 39 16 135 8 14 12 8 18 256 (18.0)
Nov. 14 25 343 53 67 8 2 6 17 49 584 (41.3)
Dec. 7 17 33 30 20 9 2 6 12 9 145 (10.2)
Total 49 185 487 159 265 42 42 44 47 95 1,415 (100.0)
Table 5.
Regional distribution of seropositive cases to Hantaan virus from 1996 to 2005 in Korea
Province Year Total (%)
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Seoul 5 8 11 13 18 5 11 9 8 23 111 (7.8)
Gyeonggi 10 14 296 44 151 12 4 16 8 9 564 (39.9)
Gangwon 5 127 29 20 15 13 16 15 14 20 274 (19.3)
Chungbuk 17 21 10 20 33 8 7 0 2 2 120 (8.5)
Chungnam 7 3 14 18 5 0 0 0 4 1 52 (3.7)
Gyeongbuk 0 0 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 0 9 (0.6)
Gyeongnam 0 0 17 22 1 1 1 2 4 10 58 (4.1)
Jeonbuk 0 2 9 4 1 1 1 0 1 3 22 (1.6)
Jeonnam 0 3 10 11 1 0 0 1 5 8 39 (2.8)
Jeju 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 (0.2)
∗N.I. 4 7 89 3 38 1 0 1 1 19 163 (11.5)
Total 49 185 487 159 265 42 42 44 47 95 1,415 (100.0)

∗ N.I.: not identified

Table 6.
Age distribution of seropositive cases to Hantaan virus from 1996 to 2005 in Korea
Age Year Total (%)
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0∼9 0 0 13 0 2 1 2 0 0 0 18 (1.3)
10∼19 0 4 27 4 23 0 0 0 2 4 64 (4.5)
20∼29 8 3 15 4 82 6 4 8 5 4 139 (9.8)
30∼39 10 33 45 21 16 3 4 4 5 4 145 (10.3)
40∼49 4 28 64 19 14 9 8 11 8 12 177 (12.5)
50∼59 9 35 63 46 19 6 5 7 13 20 223 (15.8)
60∼69 5 50 112 40 17 12 12 7 9 19 283 (20.0)
70∼79 7 18 46 16 12 4 6 6 4 18 137 (9.7)
80∼89 0 0 7 3 3 0 1 0 0 2 16 (1.1)
∗N.I. 6 14 95 6 77 1 0 1 1 12 213 (15.0)
Total 49 185 487 159 265 42 42 44 47 95 1,415 (100.0)

∗ N.I.: not identified

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