Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2015, 159(3):352-359 | DOI: 10.5507/bp.2015.018

Fetuin-A (AHSG) and its usefulness in clinical practice. Review of the literature

Anna Maria Dabrowskaa, Jerzy Stanislaw Taracha, Beata Wojtysiak-Dumab, Dariusz Dumac
a Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
b Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
c Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland

Background: Fetuin-A, also called Alpha 2-Heremans Schmid Glycoprotein, is a multifunctional plasma agent what has been proven in animal and human studies. It plays a role as a physiological inhibitor of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase associated with insulin resistance and a negative acute phase reactant. It also regulates bone remodeling and calcium metabolism being an important inhibitor of calcium salt precipitation and vascular calcifications.

Methods: PubMed database was searched for articles from 2002 up to December 2014 to identify the role of fetuin-A in the pathogenesis of selected internal diseases.

Results: Due to secretion of fetuin-A mainly by the liver, it may be a marker of liver function and predictor of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. The associations between high fetuin-A and metabolic syndrome as well as its hepatic manifestation- nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherogenic lipid profile have been well proven. However, fetuin-A relation with BMI is not so clear. Contrary to few reports, many authors suggest that fetuin-A may be an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes and marker of diabetic complications. Close associations of high and low fetuin-A concentrations with cardiovascular diseases and mortality risk have been reported which is explained by differences in analyzed populations, stages of atherosclerosis and calcifications, coexistence of type 2 diabetes or kidney dysfunction and different main pathways of fetuin-A actions in various diseases.

Conclusions: Fetuin-A has a diagnostic potential as a biomarker for liver dysfunction, cardiovascular diseases and disorders associated with metabolic syndrome.

Keywords: fetuin-A, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis

Received: October 21, 2014; Accepted: April 10, 2015; Prepublished online: April 24, 2015; Published: September 30, 2015  Show citation

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Dabrowska, A.M., Tarach, J.S., Wojtysiak-Duma, B., & Duma, D. (2015). Fetuin-A (AHSG) and its usefulness in clinical practice. Review of the literature. Biomedical papers, 159(3), 352-359. doi: 10.5507/bp.2015.018
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