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2016, vol. 63, br. 4, str. 1403-1416
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Upravljanje rizicima u poljoprivredi u uslovima klimatskih promena
Risk management in agriculture under climate changes
Sažetak
Poljoprivredna proizvodnja izložena je dejstvu različitih rizika od kojih proizvodni rizici predstavljaju njenu specifičnost, s obzirom da proizilaze iz činjenice obavljanja proizvodnje na otvorenom i upravljanja živim bićima. Klimatske promene direktno utiču na proizvodne rizike poljoprivredne proizvodnje. U literaturi se klimatske promene relatvino dovoljno istražuju ali ne postoji dovoljno istraživanja koja se bave tematikom upravljanja rizicima u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji a posebno upravljanja rizicima u uslovima ostvarenja klimatskih promena. Imajući to u vidu za cilj rada smo odredili potrebu da ukažemo na značaj i oblike upravljanja rizicima u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji u uslovima klimatskih promena. U nastojanju da cilj ostvarimo u radu prvo ukazujemo na osnovne karakteristike upravljanja proizvodnim rizikom u poljoprivredi a potom ukazujemo na primenu preventivnih mera, ulogu države kao i komparativnu ulogu osiguranja. S obzirom da uticaj klimatskih promena snažno negativno utiče na osiguravajuća društva koja osiguravaju poljoprivredne rizike, razmatramo i problematiku da li zaključivanje ugovora o osiguranju poljoprivrede treba biti obavezno ili dobrovoljno.
Abstract
Agricultural production is exposed to the effects of various risks, of which the production risks represent its specificity, given that they stem from the fact that the production is done outdoor and that it encompass management of living beings. Climate changes directly affect the production risks of agricultural production. In the literature, climate change are relatively sufficient researched but there are scarce studies that deal with the theme of risk management in agricultural production and in particular the management of risks under climate changes. With this in mind as the goal of the paper we have determined the need to point out on the importance and forms of agricultural risk management under climate changes. In an effort to achieve the goal, in the paper we first point out to the basic characteristics of agricultural production risk management and then we point to the application of preventive measures, the role of the state as well as the comparative role of insurance. As the impact of climate changes have strongly negative impact on insurance companies that provide insurance for agricultural risks, we consider the issue of whether the conclusion of agricultural insurance contracts should be mandatory or voluntary.
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