The Usefulness of Resistant Maltodextrin and Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Management of Gut Leakage and Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease.xlsx

Fecal Microbiota Diversity

Shannon index and Pielou's evenness were evaluated to assess the diversity and evenness of bacterial communities at week 12 of the experiment. However, no significant differences were observed in Shannon index and Pielou's evenness among the different groups (Figure 3A). 

In contrast, when examining the control group, beta diversity analysis using Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) of Bray-Curtis Dissimilarity demonstrated no significant difference in diversity between week 0 and week 12. This suggests that the overall composition of bacterial communities in the control group remained relatively stable over the course of the experiment. Regarding specific prebiotic treatments, the inulin group exhibited a significant decrease in beta diversity, similar to the CKD group, indicating a notable change in the bacterial community composition over time. Conversely, the rats treated with RMD did not show a significant change in beta diversity, similar to the control group. This suggests that RMD treatment maintained a relatively stable and consistent bacterial community composition throughout the 12-week period. Interestingly, the COS group displayed a significant increase in beta diversity, suggesting a notable shift in the composition of bacterial communities compared to both the control and CKD groups.