Paraclinical Changes Occurring in Dairy Cows with Spontaneous Subacute Ruminal Acidosis under Field Conditions
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics Statement
2.2. Animals
2.3. Ruminal Fluid Sampling and Analysis
2.4. Milk Sample Analysis
2.5. Blood Sample Analysis
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Ruminal Fluid Analysis
3.2. Milk Sample Analysis
3.3. Blood Sample Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Milk Constituents (%) | Groups of Cows | Media | Standard Deviation | 95% Confidence Interval for Mean | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower Bound | Upper Bound | |||||
Fat | SARA | 2.58 | 0.49 | 2.27 | 2.89 | <0.01 |
Healthy | 3.92 | 0.55 | 3.57 | 4.27 | ||
Protein | SARA | 2.73 | 0.19 | 2.61 | 2.85 | <0.01 |
Healthy | 3.20 | 0.37 | 2.96 | 3.43 | ||
Lactose | SARA | 4.63 | 0.52 | 4.30 | 4.96 | 0.17 |
Healthy | 4.93 | 0.52 | 4.60 | 5.26 | ||
Fat-to-protein ratio | SARA | 0.93 | 0.19 | 0.81 | 1.05 | <0.01 |
Healthy | 1.20 | 0.14 | 1.11 | 1.29 |
Serum Biochemical Parameters | Groups of Cows | Media | Standard Deviation | 95% Confidence Interval for Mean | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower Bound | Upper Bound | |||||
Albumin (g/dL) | SARA | 2.74 | 0.36 | 2.43 | 3.04 | 0.001 |
Healthy | 3.47 | 0.36 | 3.21 | 3.73 | ||
Total protein (g/dL) | SARA | 7.64 | 0.91 | 6.88 | 8.41 | 0.162 |
Healthy | 8.23 | 0.77 | 7.67 | 8.78 | ||
Calcium (mg/dL) | SARA | 7.74 | 0.19 | 7.21 | 8.28 | 0.001 |
Healthy | 9.62 | 0.63 | 9.16 | 10.07 | ||
Phosphorus (mg/dL) | SARA | 4.95 | 1.13 | 3.99 | 5.90 | 0.012 |
Healthy | 6.48 | 1.11 | 5.66 | 7.29 | ||
GGT (U/L) | SARA | 26.31 | 7.34 | 20.17 | 32.46 | 0.39 |
Healthy | 23.25 | 7.31 | 18.02 | 28.48 | ||
AST (U/L) | SARA | 93.36 | 8.29 | 57.37 | 66.84 | 0.03 |
Healthy | 61.60 | 6.26 | 61.32 | 126.59 | ||
GLDH (U/L) | SARA | 25.89 | 7.57 | 20.07 | 31.71 | 0.01 |
Healthy | 12.22 | 5.97 | 7.63 | 16.81 | ||
BHB (mmol/L) | SARA | 0.48 | 0.11 | 0.40 | 0.57 | 0.16 |
Healthy | 0.60 | 0.20 | 0.44 | 0.75 | ||
NEFA (µmol/L) | SARA | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.31 | 0.13 |
Healthy | 0.27 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.37 | ||
Creatinine (mg/dL) | SARA | 0.98 | 0,07 | 0,91 | 1.04 | 0.66 |
Healthy | 1.01 | 0,19 | 0.87 | 1.14 | ||
Urea (mg/dL) | SARA | 18.23 | 5.22 | 14.91 | 21.55 | 0.06 |
Healthy | 26.32 | 10.33 | 19.76 | 32.89 |
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Morar, D.; Văduva, C.; Morar, A.; Imre, M.; Tulcan, C.; Imre, K. Paraclinical Changes Occurring in Dairy Cows with Spontaneous Subacute Ruminal Acidosis under Field Conditions. Animals 2022, 12, 2466. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani12182466
Morar D, Văduva C, Morar A, Imre M, Tulcan C, Imre K. Paraclinical Changes Occurring in Dairy Cows with Spontaneous Subacute Ruminal Acidosis under Field Conditions. Animals. 2022; 12(18):2466. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani12182466
Chicago/Turabian StyleMorar, Doru, Cristina Văduva, Adriana Morar, Mirela Imre, Camelia Tulcan, and Kálmán Imre. 2022. "Paraclinical Changes Occurring in Dairy Cows with Spontaneous Subacute Ruminal Acidosis under Field Conditions" Animals 12, no. 18: 2466. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani12182466