Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and PEDF 335 Peptide, 67LR Activators, Attenuate Vasogenic Edema, and Astroglial Degeneration Following Status Epilepticus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Animals and Chemicals
2.2. Surgery
2.3. SE Induction and EEG Recording
2.4. Tissue Processing
2.5. Western Blot
2.6. Immunohistochemistry
2.7. Measurements of Serum Extravasation, GFAP-Deleted Area, and Fluorescent Intensity
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effects of EGCG and NU335 Peptide on Seizure Susceptibility in Response to Pilocarpine
3.2. Effects of EGCG and NU335 Peptide on Serum Extravasation Following SE
3.3. Effects of EGCG and NU335 Peptide on Astroglial Damage under Physiological and Post-SE Conditions
3.4. The Effects of EGCG and NU335 on Phosphorylations of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2
3.5. The Effects of EGCG and NU335 on PI3K/AKT Phosphorylation and AQP4 Expression
3.6. The Effects of EGCG and NU335 on eNOS and NADPH Oxidase Expression
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Antigen | Host | Manufacturer (Catalog Number) | Dilution Used |
---|---|---|---|
67LR | Rabbit | Abcam (#ab133645) | 1:1000 (WB) |
AKT | Rabbit | Cell signaling (#9272) | 1:1000 (WB) |
AQP4 | Rabbit | Alomone labs (#AQP-004) | 1:5000 (WB) 1:200 (IH) |
eNOS | Rabbit | Abcam (ab66127) | 1:1000 (WB) 1:500 (IH) |
ERK1/2 | Rabbit | Biorbyt (Orb160960) | 1:2000 (WB) |
GFAP | Mouse | Millipore (#MAB3402) | 1:5000 (IH) |
p-p38 MAPK | Rabbit | Abbiotec (#251256) | 1:200 (WB) 1:50 (IH) |
p38 MAPK | Rabbit | Cell signaling (#9212) | 1:1000 (WB) |
p47Phox | Rabbit | Abbiotec (252159) | 1:1000 (WB) 1:200 (IH) |
pAKT-T308 | Rabbit | Cell signalling (#9275) | 1:1000 (WB) 1:50 (IH) |
pERK1/2 | Rabbit | Bioss (bs-3330R) | 1:1000 (WB) 1:100 (IH) |
PI3K | Rabbit | Cell signaling (#4292) | 1:1000 (WB) |
pPI3K-Y458 | Rabbit | Cell signaling (#4228) | 1:1000 (WB) |
Rat IgG | Goat | Vector (#BA-9400) | 1:2000 (WB) 1:200 (IH) |
SMI-71 | Mouse | Covance (#SMI-71R) | 1:1000 (IH) |
β-actin | Mouse | Sigma (#A5316) | 1:5000 (WB) |
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Kim, J.-E.; Park, H.; Jeong, M.-J.; Kang, T.-C. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and PEDF 335 Peptide, 67LR Activators, Attenuate Vasogenic Edema, and Astroglial Degeneration Following Status Epilepticus. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 854. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox9090854
Kim J-E, Park H, Jeong M-J, Kang T-C. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and PEDF 335 Peptide, 67LR Activators, Attenuate Vasogenic Edema, and Astroglial Degeneration Following Status Epilepticus. Antioxidants. 2020; 9(9):854. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox9090854
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Ji-Eun, Hana Park, Min-Jeong Jeong, and Tae-Cheon Kang. 2020. "Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and PEDF 335 Peptide, 67LR Activators, Attenuate Vasogenic Edema, and Astroglial Degeneration Following Status Epilepticus" Antioxidants 9, no. 9: 854. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox9090854