Association between the Immunophenotype of Peripheral Blood from mCRPC Patients and the Outcomes of Radium-223 Treatment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patient’s Samples
2.2. Flow Cytometry
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of mCRPC Patients at Baseline
3.2. Baseline Expression of Immunomodulatory Molecules on Leukocytes and Leukocyte–Platelet Complexes
3.3. Relationship between Baseline Blood Immune Subpopulations, Leukocyte–Platelet Complexes and the Clinic Characteristics of mCRPC Patients
3.4. Circulating PD-L1+ CD8+ T Cells at Baseline Were Associated with Progression-Free Survival in mCRPC Patients
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patients n = 12 | HDs n = 9 | |
---|---|---|
Age | 79.08 ± 7.62 | 62.48 ± 8.10 |
Weight (kg) | 74.75 ± 10.10 | 68.13 ± 8.44 |
Height (cm) | 168.18 ± 7.70 | 173.40 ± 3.92 |
Months between diagnosis and sample collection | 94.10 ± 70.43 | |
Months between resistance to castration and sample collection | 50.42 ± 37.78 | |
Month between metastasis and sample collection | 47.82 ± 27.70 | |
Stage disease at moment of diagnosis (%) Stage disease at moment of sample collection | I (16%); II (16%); III (8%); IV (60%) IV (100%) | |
Gleason score (%): | ||
≤8 ≥9 ECOG performance-status score (0–2): 1 2 | 66% 33% 7 5 | |
Median hematological and biochemical values: | ||
Platelets (×109/L) | 217.89 ± 66.60 | |
Lymphocytes (×109/L) Neutrophils (×109/L) Monocytes (×109/L) Hemoglobin (g/L) Albumin (g/L) Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) PSA (µg/L) Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 1.32 ± 0.48 6.48 ± 3.58 0.50 ± 0.20 102.67 ± 14.47 38.85 ± 3.27 224.67 ± 197.39 305.77 ± 425.56 268.75 ± 69.22 | |
Previous treatment: | ||
Abiraterone (yes/no) Enzalutamide (yes/no) Chemotherapy (yes/no) | 11/1 10/2 9/3 |
Count/µL | % | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
mCRPC | HD | mCRPC | HD | |
a CD4+ T cells | 99.74 (53.27–160.8) | 332.1 (237.5–380.5) *** | 35.61 (26.3–39.36) | 40.14 (38.66–46.53) ** |
a CD8+ T cells | 43.98 (32.41–116.3) | 164.4 (120.2–306.7) ** | 16.45 (10.49–35.17) | 22 (15.24–30.76) |
a CD8low cells | 18.98 (9.41–69.86) | 31.8 (20.8–41.66) | 8.17 (3.26–12.24) | 3.77 (2.79–6.9) |
a B cells | 13.28 (4.19–32.01) | 69 (43.76–104.5) ** | 3.60 (1.73–6.12) | 8.68 (6.12–15.66) ** |
a NK cells | 40.61 (27.52–134.3) | 47.59 (21.7–97.58) | 14.58 (11.92–26.63) | 6.45 (3.49–12.28) ** |
Monocytes | 109.5 (66.49–124.5) | 165.5 (140.8–171.7) | 94.23 (89.53–96.72) | 94.52 (92.49–96.01) |
Neutrophils | 1734 (990.6–2382) | 1489 (1038–1610) | 64.72 (44.09–73.20) | 48.25 (45.52–53.07) * |
PD-1 | PD-L1 | TIM3 | OX40 | KIR | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a CD4+ T cells | mCRPC | 32.21 (27.92–44.28) | 23.2 (17.58–29.15) | 8.58 (3.80–11.76) ** | ||
HDs | 24.65 (21.45–32.36) | 17.35 (10.62–23.98) | 1.56 (1.09–3.73) | |||
a CD8+ T cells | mCRPC | 44.56 (37.23–52.20) | 17.85 (12.29–24.5) | 0.29 (0.11–1.62) | 0.86 (0.31–3.77) | |
HDs | 43.24 (30.2–51.49) | 12 (8.21–20.88) | 0.04 (0.025–0.15) | 1.08 (0.47–2.74) | ||
a CD8low cells | mCRPC | 2.89 (0.82–5.49) | 10.86 (7.47–13.21) * | 3.17 (0.64–4.78) | 20.27 (8.56–25.44) * | |
HDs | 5.69 (1.02–6.20) | 5.49 (3.61–9.51) | 2.01 (1.06–4.58) | 28.44 (25.36–30.53) | ||
a B cells | mCRPC | 1.32 (0.09–3.46) | 7.39 (3.75–11.08) ** | 0.11 (0.01–0.20) | ||
HDs | 0.47 (0.21–0.67) | 1.74 (1.31–3.16) | 0.1 (0.03–0.18) | |||
a NK cells | mCRPC | 2.60 (2.33–4.47) | 9.69 (7.03–11.78) * | 4.89 (1.84–7.60) | 17.71 (8.77–26.15) | |
HDs | 3.36 (1.82–14.5) | 5.91 (4.02–8.92) | 2.25 (1.80–6.2) | 19.79 (15.89–27.09) | ||
Monocytes | mCRPC | 10.85 (7.47–17.95) | 0.29 (0.13–0.78) | |||
HDs | 8.31 (5.84–9.16) | 0.2 (0.08–0.3) | ||||
Neutrophils | mCRPC | 39.8 (22.9–51.87) | ||||
HDs | 40.65 (30.4–47.58) |
mCRPC | HD | |
---|---|---|
CD4± platelet/CD4+ T cells | 9.08 (7.41–10.62) | 9.81 (8.35–11.67) |
CD8± platelet/CD8+ T cells | 8.26 (6.89–11.39) | 9.42 (8.04–10.76) |
CD8low−platelet/ CD8low cells | 7.88 (6.53–9.13) | 9.14 (8.25–10.37) |
B cells-platelet/B cells | 7.69 (6.22–9.62) | 9.5 (7.61–11.27) |
NK cells-platelet/NK cells | 8.00 (7.54–9.44) | 11.19 (8.48–11.88) |
Monocyte-platelet /Monocytes | 25.79 (18.03–34.68) | 14.24 (10.75–19.55) ** |
Neutrophil-platelet/Neutrophils | 17.21 (11.34–20.54) | 12.1 (9.23–14.8) |
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Cantó, E.; Anguera, G.; Jiménez, N.; Mellado, B.; Ramírez, O.; Mariscal, A.; Maroto, P.; Vidal, S. Association between the Immunophenotype of Peripheral Blood from mCRPC Patients and the Outcomes of Radium-223 Treatment. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 2222. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics13132222
Cantó E, Anguera G, Jiménez N, Mellado B, Ramírez O, Mariscal A, Maroto P, Vidal S. Association between the Immunophenotype of Peripheral Blood from mCRPC Patients and the Outcomes of Radium-223 Treatment. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(13):2222. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics13132222
Chicago/Turabian StyleCantó, Elisabet, Georgia Anguera, Natalia Jiménez, Begoña Mellado, Ona Ramírez, Anais Mariscal, Pablo Maroto, and Silvia Vidal. 2023. "Association between the Immunophenotype of Peripheral Blood from mCRPC Patients and the Outcomes of Radium-223 Treatment" Diagnostics 13, no. 13: 2222. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics13132222