Laser Powder Bed Fusion with Intentionally-Seeded Porosity for Prototyping of Powder Metallurgy Parts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Powder Manufacturing
2.1.1. Powder Preparation
2.1.2. Powder Characterization
2.2. Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process Calibration and Optimization
2.3. Porosity Analysis
2.4. Phase Analysis
2.5. Microstructure Analysis
2.6. Mechanical Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Powder Characterization
3.2. Porosity of AM and PM Specimens
3.3. Phases of AM and PM Specimens
3.4. Microstructure of AM and PM Specimens
3.5. Mechanical Properties of AM and PM Specimens
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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AISI 1070 | ||
---|---|---|
Bulk | Powder (φ = 65%) | |
Liquidus temperature, °C | 1450 | 1450 |
Density, kg/m3 | 7800 | 5175 |
Thermal conductivity, W/m·K | 48.4 | 32.0 |
Specific heat capacity, J/kg·K | 532 | 532 |
Laser absorptivity | 0.53 | 0.66 |
MPIF | Carbon (%) | Copper (%) | Oxygen (%) | Apparent Density (g/cm3) | Flow (g/50 s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
FC-0208 | 0.7 | 1.67 | 0.07 | 2.85 | No Flow |
Samples | Equivalent Diameter, µm | Aspect Ratio | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Minimum | Maximum | Mean | Minimum | Maximum | |
AM | 33.2 ± 18.3 | 12 | 334 | 0.498 ± 0.17 | 0.024 | 1 |
PM1 | 30.7 ± 14.1 | 12 | 247 | 0.451 ± 0.15 | 0.019 | 0.964 |
PM2 | 33.9 ± 14.2 | 12 | 142 | 0.461 ± 0.15 | 0.039 | 0.956 |
Average Grain Size, µm | Minimum Grain Size, µm | Maximum Grain Size, µm | |
---|---|---|---|
AM | 23.4 | 2.8 | 93 |
PM1 | 13.9 | 2.6 | 83 |
PM2 | 13.1 | 3.1 | 109 |
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Letenneur, M.; Imbrogno, P.; Molavi-Kakhki, A.; Brailovski, V. Laser Powder Bed Fusion with Intentionally-Seeded Porosity for Prototyping of Powder Metallurgy Parts. J. Manuf. Mater. Process. 2020, 4, 119. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmmp4040119
Letenneur M, Imbrogno P, Molavi-Kakhki A, Brailovski V. Laser Powder Bed Fusion with Intentionally-Seeded Porosity for Prototyping of Powder Metallurgy Parts. Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing. 2020; 4(4):119. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmmp4040119
Chicago/Turabian StyleLetenneur, Morgan, Pete Imbrogno, Amin Molavi-Kakhki, and Vladimir Brailovski. 2020. "Laser Powder Bed Fusion with Intentionally-Seeded Porosity for Prototyping of Powder Metallurgy Parts" Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 4, no. 4: 119. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmmp4040119