Association of Kidney Function Tests with a Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Community-Dwelling Individuals with a Normal or Mildly Decreased Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Mean ± SD Number (%) | GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
60-89 | ≥90 | p value | ||
Overall | 164 (100) | 56 (34.15) | 108 (65.85) | - |
Age (years) | 62.64 ± 9.47 | 69.64 ± 7.40 | 59.01 ± 8.34 | <0.001 |
Sex (male) | 62 (37.80) | 26 (46.43) | 36 (33.33) | 0.126 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.80 ± 3.61 | 24.87 ± 3.30 | 24.76 ± 3.78 | 0.853 |
WC (cm) | 80.50 ± 9.89 | 81.61 ± 10.07 | 79.92 ± 9.79 | 0.301 |
HC (cm) | 94.04 ± 6.87 | 93.58 ± 6.39 | 94.28 ± 7.13 | 0.537 |
ABI | 2.22 ± 0.12 | 2.19 ± 0.11 | 2.23 ± 0.12 | 0.128 |
SBP (mmHg) | 130.04 ± 17.44 | 134.17 ± 16.30 | 127.89 ± 17.69 | 0.028 |
DBP (mmHg) | 80.66 ± 10.36 | 81.57 ± 10.40 | 80.19 ± 10.36 | 0.421 |
T2DM | 23 (14.02) | 10 (17.86) | 13 (12.04) | 0.346 |
HTN | 55 (33.54) | 26 (46.43) | 29 (26.85) | 0.014 |
IHD | 12 (7.32) | 7 (12.5) | 5 (4.63) | 0.109 |
FH | 37 (22.84) | 17 (30.36) | 20 (18.87) | 0.116 |
SMK | 31 (18.90) | 11 (19.64) | 20 (18.52) | 0.837 |
Pack-years | 0.57 ± 3.70 | 0.45 ± 3.40 | 0.63 ± 3.86 | 0.770 |
Alc | 57 (34.76) | 18 (32.14) | 39 (36.11) | 0.729 |
Alc. vol. (mL) | 106.52 ± 252.84 | 90.53 ± 266.80 | 114.81 ± 246.16 | 0.561 |
Exercise | 131 (79.88) | 45 (80.36) | 86 (79.63) | 1.00 |
Exe. freq. per week | 3.24 ± 3.23 | 3.69 ± 3.20 | 3 ± 3.24 | 0.198 |
CAVI | 8.62 ± 1.08 | 9.04 ± 0.83 | 8.40 ± 1.14 | <0.001 |
Test | Mean ± SD Number (%) | CAVI | Pearson Correlation with the CAVI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low | High | p value | r | p value | ||
BUN (mg/dL) | 14.58 ± 3.45 | 14.38 ± 3.41 | 15.19 ± 3.55 | 0.193 | 0.207 | 0.007 |
Cr (mg/dL) | 0.741 ± 0.155 | 0.74 ± 0.15 | 0.73 ± 0.14 | 0.643 | −0.003 | 0.961 |
AST (units/L) | 19.01 ± 4.57 | 19.02 ± 5 | 19 ± 2.98 | 0.976 | 0.132 | 0.090 |
ALT (units/L) | 18.10 ± 7.78 | 18.21 ± 8.35 | 17.75 ± 5.80 | 0.742 | 0.034 | 0.660 |
FBS (mg/dL) | 93.43 ± 22.12 | 91.71 ± 21.05 | 98.58 ± 24.63 | 0.085 | 0.124 | 0.111 |
UA (mg/dL) | 5.33 ± 1.21 | 5.25 ± 1.25 | 5.59 ± 1.09 | 0.123 | 0.077 | 0.321 |
TGL (mg/dL) | 117.38 ± 52.59 | 115.74 ± 55.07 | 122.29 ± 44.58 | 0.491 | 0.059 | 0.452 |
CHOL (mg/dL) | 190.64 ± 30.78 | 191.20 ± 31.11 | 188.97 ± 30.06 | 0.689 | 0.013 | 0.861 |
LDL (mg/dL) | 115.99 ± 28.04 | 115.33 ± 28.61 | 117.97 ± 26.50 | 0.602 | 0.028 | 0.715 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 53.74 ± 12.34 | 54.05 ± 12.71 | 52.80 ± 11.24 | 0.575 | 0.014 | 0.855 |
hs-CRP (mg/L) | 0.183 ± 0.34 | 0.160 ± 0.193 | 0.25 ± 0.60 | 0.148 | 0.122 | 0.119 |
HBA1c (%) | 5.93 ± 0.80 | 5.85 ± 0.71 | 6.18 ± 0.98 | 0.024 | 0.234 | 0.002 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 91.96 ± 10.94 | 93 ± 11.02 | 88.82 ± 10.20 | 0.033 | –0.344 | <0.001 |
UACR (mg/g) | 12.58 ± 25.21 | 13.38 ± 28.09 | 10.2113.49 | 0.510 | 0.066 | 0.420 |
Variable | Unstandardized Beta Coefficients | Standardized Beta Coefficients | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
BMI | −0.006 | −0.176 | 0.025 |
eGFR | −0.002 | −0.185 | 0.029 |
HTN | 0.068 | 0.247 | 0.003 |
SBP | 0.001 | 0.179 | 0.021 |
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Alizargar, J.; Bai, C.-H.; Hsieh, N.-C.; Wu, S.-F.V.; Weng, S.-Y.; Wu, J.-P. Association of Kidney Function Tests with a Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Community-Dwelling Individuals with a Normal or Mildly Decreased Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate. Medicina 2019, 55, 657. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina55100657
Alizargar J, Bai C-H, Hsieh N-C, Wu S-FV, Weng S-Y, Wu J-P. Association of Kidney Function Tests with a Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Community-Dwelling Individuals with a Normal or Mildly Decreased Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate. Medicina. 2019; 55(10):657. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina55100657
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlizargar, Javad, Chyi-Huey Bai, Nan-Chen Hsieh, Shu-Fang Vivienne Wu, Shih-Yen Weng, and Jia-Ping Wu. 2019. "Association of Kidney Function Tests with a Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Community-Dwelling Individuals with a Normal or Mildly Decreased Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate" Medicina 55, no. 10: 657. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina55100657