Spanish Version of the Scale “Eventos Adversos Associados às Práticas de Enfermagem” (EAAPE): Validation in Nursing Students
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Adaptation and Translation into the Spanish Language
2.3. Sample
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Data Analysis
2.6. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
3.1. Participants Features
3.2. Results Obtained in the EAAPE
3.3. Differences in the Responses to the Questionnaire According to Internship Centers and Hospitalization Units
3.4. Factor Structure of the Spanish Version of the EAAPE
3.5. Reliability
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | % | |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Male | 67 | 19.9 |
Female | 263 | 78.0 |
Hospital | ||
Hosp. Clínico | 103 | 30.6 |
Hosp. General | 113 | 33.5 |
Hosp. Dr. Peset | 69 | 20.5 |
Hosp. La Fe | 27 | 8.0 |
Other | 12 | 3.6 |
Internship area | ||
Medical units | 90 | 26.7 |
Surgical units | 88 | 26.1 |
Special units | 125 | 37.1 |
Category | Item | Never | Hardly Ever | Sometimes | Frequently | Always |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Surveillance/Clinical monitoring and tracking | Vig 1 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 20.1 | 52.1 | 26.0 |
Vig 2 | 0 | 0 | 14.4 | 61.7 | 24.0 | |
Vig 3 | 9.8 | 52.7 | 26.5 | 8.6 | 2.4 | |
Vig 4 | 14.4 | 55.4 | 19.5 | 8.1 | 2.7 | |
Defense of patient rights | Def 1 | 0.9 | 9.6 | 37.8 | 39.6 | 12.0 |
Def 2 | 3.0 | 17.2 | 41.3 | 31.9 | 6.6 | |
Def 3 | 0.3 | 7.5 | 22.8 | 40.5 | 28.8 | |
Def 4 | 0 | 4.5 | 13.2 | 44.6 | 37.7 | |
Def 5 | 18.4 | 31.1 | 28.7 | 18.7 | 3.0 | |
Def 6 | 21.3 | 54.6 | 19.5 | 4.0 | 0.6 | |
Def 7 | 27.9 | 48.2 | 19.7 | 3.6 | 0.6 | |
Falls | Ca 1 | 21.2 | 27.9 | 16.4 | 19.4 | 15.2 |
Ca 2 | 14.4 | 19.9 | 22.1 | 28.5 | 15 | |
Ca 3 | 7.6 | 16.6 | 23.9 | 33.9 | 17.7 | |
Ca 4 | 6.1 | 34.5 | 36.7 | 18.5 | 4.2 | |
Ca 5 | 38.4 | 42.6 | 14.1 | 4.8 | 0 | |
Pressure ulcers | Ulc 1 | 7.2 | 10.9 | 16.8 | 26.5 | 38.6 |
Ulc 2 | 9.0 | 19.4 | 21.6 | 26.5 | 23.5 | |
Ulc 3 | 22.0 | 18.9 | 22.7 | 15.5 | 20.8 | |
Ulc 4 | 7.0 | 12.2 | 26.3 | 38.8 | 15.6 | |
Ulc 5 | 5.0 | 13.6 | 22.3 | 40.2 | 18.9 | |
Ulc 6 | 2.5 | 6.5 | 13.0 | 45.7 | 32.3 | |
Ulc 7 | 2.8 | 14.7 | 22.5 | 37.2 | 22.8 | |
Ulc 8 | 5.5 | 22.0 | 29.3 | 28.4 | 14.3 | |
Ulc 9 | 12.6 | 28.5 | 33.4 | 23.3 | 2.1 | |
Medication | Med 1 | 6.8 | 48.6 | 32.6 | 8.9 | 4 |
Med 2 | 23.4 | 59.9 | 13.2 | 3.3 | 0.3 | |
Med 3.1 | 18.8 | 35.8 | 29.3 | 12.8 | 3.3 | |
Med 3.2 | 10.9 | 17.6 | 24.8 | 37.3 | 9.4 | |
Med 3.3 | 24.5 | 42.4 | 20.6 | 11.2 | 1.2 | |
Med 3.4 | 25.7 | 47.7 | 19.3 | 6.7 | 0.6 | |
Med 3.5 | 6.3 | 29.2 | 37.3 | 23.8 | 3.3 | |
Med 3.6 | 10.8 | 51.4 | 27.6 | 8.7 | 1.5 | |
Med 4.1 | 25.7 | 47.7 | 19.3 | 6.7 | 0.6 | |
Med 4.2 | 11.4 | 40.8 | 31.2 | 15 | 1.5 | |
Med 4.3 | 19.9 | 43.1 | 27.7 | 8.7 | 0.6 | |
Med 4.4 | 18.7 | 47.1 | 26.6 | 7 | 0.6 | |
Med 4.5 | 30.4 | 53.3 | 10.8 | 4.8 | 0.6 | |
Med 4.6 | 36.9 | 45.4 | 14.6 | 2.4 | 0.6 | |
Med 4.7 | 36.6 | 50.8 | 10.3 | 2.3 | 0 | |
Med 5.1 | 17.4 | 57.3 | 18.9 | 5.2 | 1.2 | |
Med 5.2 | 19.2 | 55.3 | 19.5 | 5.7 | 0.3 | |
Healthcare-associated infection (HAIs) | Inf 1 | 4 | 31.8 | 43.1 | 18 | 3.1 |
Inf 2 | 12.6 | 44.3 | 31.1 | 10.8 | 1.2 | |
Inf 3.1 | 9.6 | 20.4 | 25.1 | 20.7 | 24.3 | |
Inf 3.2 | 1.8 | 8.4 | 16.2 | 29.9 | 43.7 | |
Inf 3.3 | 1.8 | 7.3 | 10.9 | 24.3 | 55.6 | |
Inf 4 | 1.9 | 8.4 | 25.4 | 41.5 | 22.9 | |
Inf 5 | 1.8 | 9.3 | 16.5 | 33.6 | 38.7 | |
Inf 6 | 0.6 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 18.3 | 71.5 | |
Inf 7 | 1.8 | 6.4 | 14.6 | 29.8 | 47.4 | |
Inf 8 | 1.5 | 6.3 | 13.9 | 34.7 | 43.5 | |
Inf 9 | 1.2 | 6.4 | 11 | 29.1 | 52.1 | |
General perception | P.G 1 | 11.3 | 45.1 | 25.4 | 11.3 | 6.9 |
P.G 2 | 0.6 | 6.9 | 18 | 37.2 | 37.2 |
Category | Item | Hospital | Unit | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chi-Sq | p-Value | Chi-Square | p-Value | ||
Surveillance/Clinical monitoring and tracking | Vig.1 | 10.516 | 0.838 | 27.425 | 0.001 ** |
Vig 2 | 5.296 | 0.725 | 9.695 | 0.046 * | |
Vig 3 | 23.428 | 0.103 | 6.796 | 0.559 | |
Vig 4 | 13.865 | 0.609 | 7.352 | 0.499 | |
Defense of patient rights | Def 1 | 10.012 | 0.866 | 4.499 | 0.810 |
Def 2 | 21.546 | 0.158 | 8.586 | 0.378 | |
Def 3 | 13.915 | 0.605 | 6.512 | 0.590 | |
Def 4 | 14.681 | 0.259 | 3.726 | 0.714 | |
Def 5 | 21.052 | 0.177 | 7.527 | 0.481 | |
Def 6 | 11.069 | 0.865 | 8.736 | 0.365 | |
Def 7 | 19.656 | 0.236 | 10.929 | 0.206 | |
Falls | Ca 1 | 24.595 | 0.077 | 11.803 | 0.160 |
Ca 2 | 32.874 | 0.008 ** | 8.905 | 0.350 | |
Ca 3 | 23.291 | 0.106 | 3.353 | 0.910 | |
Ca 4 | 15.511 | 0.488 | 16.745 | 0.033 * | |
Ca 5 | 15.671 | 0.207 | 4.438 | 0.618 | |
Pressure ulcers | Ulc 1 | 23.804 | 0.094 | 16.347 | 0.038 * |
Ulc 2 | 15.878 | 0.462 | 18.929 | 0.015 * | |
Ulc 3 | 31.440 | 0.012 * | 16.562 | 0.035 * | |
Ulc 4 | 24.894 | 0.072 | 12.219 | 0.142 | |
Ulc 5 | 13.039 | 0.670 | 15.896 | 0.044 * | |
Ulc 6 | 11.156 | 0.800 | 18.622 | 0.017 * | |
Ulc 7 | 21.903 | 0.146 | 9.769 | 0.282 | |
Ulc 8 | 28.235 | 0.030 * | 25.057 | 0.002 ** | |
Ulc 9 | 17.695 | 0.342 | 20.108 | 0.010 * | |
Medication | Med 1 | 15.659 | 0.477 | 3.881 | 0.868 |
Med 2 | 27.129 | 0.040* | 1.238 | 0.975 | |
Med 3.1 | 12.271 | 0.725 | 4.874 | 0.771 | |
Med 3.2 | 16.042 | 0.450 | 5.419 | 0.712 | |
Med 3.3 | 56.542 | 0.001 ** | 29.810 | 0.001 ** | |
Med 3.4 | 44.813 | 0.001 ** | 9.099 | 0.334 | |
Med 3.5 | 18.003 | 0.324 | 14.292 | 0.074 | |
Med 3.6 | 24.092 | 0.088 | 12.299 | 0.138 | |
Med 4.1 | 31.499 | 0.012 * | 3.773 | 0.87 | |
Med 4.2 | 25.021 | 0.069 | 7.299 | 0.505 | |
Med 4.3 | 19.347 | 0.251 | 17.249 | 0.028 * | |
Med 4.4 | 21.378 | 0.164 | 6.444 | 0.598 | |
Med 4.5 | 8.832 | 0.920 | 4.415 | 0.818 | |
Med 4.6 | 12.052 | 0.740 | 5.674 | 0.684 | |
Med 4.7 | 15.965 | 0.193 | 2.758 | 0.839 | |
Med 5.1 | 17.207 | 0.372 | 6.499 | 0.592 | |
Med 5.2 | 12.702 | 0.694 | 9.983 | 0.125 | |
Healthcare-associated infection (HAIs) | Inf 1 | 16.678 | 0.407 | 17.546 | 0.025 * |
Inf 2 | 16.694 | 0.406 | 20.279 | 0.009 ** | |
Inf 3.1 | 17.448 | 0.357 | 33.153 | 0.001 ** | |
Inf 3.2 | 35.952 | 0.003 ** | 14.297 | 0.074 | |
Inf 3.3 | 26.820 | 0.044 * | 15.890 | 0.044 * | |
Inf 4 | 21.965 | 0.144 | 9.489 | 0.303 | |
Inf 5 | 16.829 | 0.397 | 7.420 | 0.492 | |
Inf 6 | 21.044 | 0.177 | 9.889 | 0.273 | |
Inf 7 | 13.711 | 0.620 | 5.697 | 0.681 | |
Inf 8 | 19.754 | 0.232 | 3.757 | 0.878 | |
Inf 9 | 18.303 | 0.306 | 14.208 | 0.077 | |
General perception | P.G 1 | 11.888 | 0.752 | 8.705 | 0.368 |
P.G 2 | 29.791 | 0.019 * | 9.882 | 0.237 |
Item | Factors | |
---|---|---|
I (Adverse Outcomes) | II (Preventive Nursing Practices) | |
Med 4.7 | 0.667 | −0.114 |
Med 3.6 | 0.608 | −0.194 |
Med 4.6 | 0.604 | −0.239 |
Def 7 | 0.602 | −0.210 |
Med 4.1 | 0.592 | −0.150 |
Med 4.3 | 0.584 | −0.142 |
Med 4.4 | 0.576 | −0.109 |
Med 3.5 | 0.569 | −0.078 |
Med 3.2 | 0.566 | 0.092 |
Med 2 | 0.562 | −0.175 |
Med 4.2 | 0.551 | −0.182 |
Def 6 | 0.538 | −0.322 |
Ca 5 | 0.537 | 0.022 |
Vig 4 | 0.537 | −0.281 |
Ulc 9 | 0.526 | 0.057 |
Med 5.2 | 0.526 | −0.310 |
Med 5.1 | 0.517 | −0.233 |
Med 3.1 | 0.514 | 0.144 |
Inf 2 | 0.514 | −0.150 |
Med 4.5 | 0.491 | −0.166 |
Med 3.4 | 0.480 | −0.007 |
Vig 3 | 0.449 | −0.245 |
Ulc 8 | 0.448 | −0.026 |
Med 1 | 0.417 | −0.178 |
Ca 4 | 0.396 | −0.174 |
P.G.1 | 0.390 | 0.000 |
Def 5 | 0.372 | −0.039 |
Med 3.3 | 0.37 | −0.06 |
Inf 1 | 0.351 | −0.115 |
Ulc 3 | 0.196 | 0.65 |
Ca 1 | 0.143 | 0.637 |
Ulc 2 | 0.112 | 0.727 |
Ulc 1 | 0.101 | 0.673 |
Ulc 4 | 0.038 | 0.754 |
Ca 2 | −0.008 | 0.716 |
Ca 3 | −0.069 | 0.684 |
Ulc 5 | −0.072 | 0.783 |
Inf 5 | −0.097 | 0.401 |
Ulc 6 | −0.152 | 0.547 |
Def 1 | −0.169 | 0.482 |
Def 3 | −0.170 | 0.482 |
Inf 9 | −0.196 | 0.375 |
Ulc 7 | −0.199 | 0.540 |
Inf 3.1 | −0.200 | 0.516 |
Inf 8 | −0.230 | 0.487 |
Inf 3.2 | −0.236 | 0.489 |
Inf 6 | −0.238 | 0.404 |
Def 4 | −0.246 | 0.496 |
Vig 1 | −0.248 | 0.504 |
Vig 2 | −0.260 | 0.429 |
Inf 4 | −0.261 | 0.452 |
Inf 3.3 | −0.299 | 0.347 |
Inf 7 | −0.404 | 0.407 |
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Martínez-Sabater, A.; Saus-Ortega, C.; Masiá-Navalon, M.; Chover-Sierra, E.; Ballestar-Tarín, M.L. Spanish Version of the Scale “Eventos Adversos Associados às Práticas de Enfermagem” (EAAPE): Validation in Nursing Students. Nurs. Rep. 2022, 12, 112-124. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nursrep12010012
Martínez-Sabater A, Saus-Ortega C, Masiá-Navalon M, Chover-Sierra E, Ballestar-Tarín ML. Spanish Version of the Scale “Eventos Adversos Associados às Práticas de Enfermagem” (EAAPE): Validation in Nursing Students. Nursing Reports. 2022; 12(1):112-124. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nursrep12010012
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartínez-Sabater, Antonio, Carlos Saus-Ortega, Mónica Masiá-Navalon, Elena Chover-Sierra, and María Luisa Ballestar-Tarín. 2022. "Spanish Version of the Scale “Eventos Adversos Associados às Práticas de Enfermagem” (EAAPE): Validation in Nursing Students" Nursing Reports 12, no. 1: 112-124. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nursrep12010012