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Article

How expensive are electric vehicles? A total cost of ownership analysis.

by
Kenneth Lebeau
*,
Philippe Lebeau
,
Cathy Macharis
and
Joeri Van Mierlo
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, MOBI Research Group, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
World Electr. Veh. J. 2013, 6(4), 996-1007; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/wevj6040996
Published: 27 December 2013

Abstract

This paper presents a total cost of ownership (TCO) model for three different car segments. The goal is to investigate the cost efficiency of electric vehicles compared to conventional vehicles. All costs that occur during the expected vehicle’s lifespan are included: purchase cost, registration tax, vehicle road tax, maintenance, tires and technical control cost, insurance cost, battery leasing cost, battery replacement cost and fuel or electricity cost. Results are shown per vehicle segment and illustrate the share of all cost components. We find that current electric vehicles are only cost attractive within the premium car segment.
Keywords: Total cost of ownership; electric vehicles Total cost of ownership; electric vehicles

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Lebeau, K.; Lebeau, P.; Macharis, C.; Van Mierlo, J. How expensive are electric vehicles? A total cost of ownership analysis. World Electr. Veh. J. 2013, 6, 996-1007. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/wevj6040996

AMA Style

Lebeau K, Lebeau P, Macharis C, Van Mierlo J. How expensive are electric vehicles? A total cost of ownership analysis. World Electric Vehicle Journal. 2013; 6(4):996-1007. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/wevj6040996

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lebeau, Kenneth, Philippe Lebeau, Cathy Macharis, and Joeri Van Mierlo. 2013. "How expensive are electric vehicles? A total cost of ownership analysis." World Electric Vehicle Journal 6, no. 4: 996-1007. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/wevj6040996

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