Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life as Measured with the Child-OIDP Index and Oral Health Status in Spanish Adolescents
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Setting
2.2. Sample Selection
2.3. Survey Instruments
2.3.1. Oral Health Perception Questionnaire
2.3.2. Child-OIDP Questionnaire
2.4. Clinical Diagnostic Criteria
2.4.1. Dental Status
2.4.2. Periodontal Status
2.4.3. Occlusal Status
2.5. Field Work
2.6. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Psychometric Properties of the Child-OIDP
3.2. Oral Health Perception
3.3. Impact of Oral Health Measured with Child-OIDP Index
3.4. Clinical Exam
3.5. Association between the C-OIDP Index and the Clinical Variables
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
C-OIDP | Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances |
CPI | Community Periodontal Index |
CS-C-OIDP | Condition Specific Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances |
DMFT | Decayed Missed Filled Tooth |
ICDAS II | International Caries Detection and Assessment System |
OHRQoL | Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life |
QoL | Quality of Life |
OSS | Oral Satisfaction Scale |
SESPO | Sociedad Española de Epidemiología y Salud Pública Oral |
WHO | World Health Organization. |
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ICDAS II | |||
---|---|---|---|
Restoration Code | Criteria | Caries Code | Criteria |
0 | No restoration or sealant | 0 | Healthy |
1 | Sealant in poor condition | 1 | Visual change in enamel after drying |
2 | Sealant in good condition | 2 | Visual change in enamel with wet tooth |
3 | Tooth-coloured filling | 3 | Localized enamel break |
4 | Amalgam | 4 | Underlying dark shade in dentine |
5 | Steel crown | 5 | Cavity with exposed dentine |
6 | Porcelain restoration | 6 | Extensive cavity |
7 | Lost or fractured filling | ||
8 | Temporary restoration |
C-OIDP | Eating | Speaking | Brushing | Sleeping | Emotion | Schoolwork | Smiling | Playing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eating | 1.00 | |||||||
Speaking | 0.28 | 1.00 | ||||||
Brushing | 0.16 | 0.47 | 1.00 | |||||
Sleeping | 0.23 | 0.41 | 0.15 | 1.00 | ||||
Emotion | 0.39 | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.41 | 1.00 | |||
Schoolwork | 0.32 | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.06 | 0.34 | 1.00 | ||
Smiling | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.16 | 0.00 | 1.00 | |
Playing | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 1.000 |
Corrected Item-Total Correlation | Cronbach’s Alpha If Item is Deleted | |
---|---|---|
Eating | 0.38 | 0.59 |
Speaking | 0.57 | 0.56 |
Brushing | 0.40 | 0.59 |
Spleeping | 0.36 | 0.60 |
Emotion | 0.61 | 0.50 |
Schoolwork | 0.39 | 0.62 |
Smiling | 0.13 | 0.70 |
Playing | 0.13 | 0.65 |
ICDAS 1–3 | ICDAS 4–6 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N° of Teeth | n | % | N° of Teeth | n | % |
0 | 221 | 65.6 | 0 | 296 | 87.8 |
1 | 62 | 18.4 | 1 | 25 | 7.4 |
2 | 29 | 8.6 | 2 | 10 | 3 |
3 | 12 | 3.6 | 3 | 4 | 1.2 |
4 | 8 | 2.4 | 4 | 1 | 0.3 |
5 | 3 | 0.9 | 10 | 1 | 0.3 |
6 | 1 | 0.3 | |||
8 | 1 | 0.3 | |||
Total | 337 | 100 | Total | 337 | 100 |
CPI = 0 (Healthy) | CPI = 1 (Bleeding) | CPI = 2 (Calculus) | |
---|---|---|---|
Index Teeth | % Participants | ||
1.6 | 49.6 | 40.7 | 9.8 |
1.1 | 60.5 | 35.3 | 4.2 |
2.6 | 37.4 | 50.4 | 12.2 |
4.6 | 53.7 | 43.3 | 3 |
3.1 | 46.3 | 16 | 37.7 |
3.6 | 49.3 | 47.8 | 3 |
C-OIDP | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | n | Mean ± SD | 95%CI | Median | Interq. Range | p |
DMF-T Index = 0 | 234 | 3.16 ± 7.07 | 2.25–4.08 | 0 | 2.78 | 0.03 |
DMF-T Index > 0 | 103 | 3.53 ± 5.21 | 2.51–4.55 | 1.38 | 5.56 | |
ICDAS 1–3 = 0 | 221 | 3.45 ± 7.34 | 2.47–4.42 | 0 | 3.47 | 0.69 |
ICDAS 1–3 > 0 | 116 | 2.95 ± 4.71 | 2.09–3.82 | 1.38 | 4.17 | |
ICDAS 4–6 = 0 | 296 | 3.27 ± 6.74 | 2.50–4.04 | 0 | 2.78 | 0.89 |
ICDAS 4–6 > 0 | 41 | 3.31 ± 5.10 | 1.70–4.93 | 0 | 5.56 | |
CPI Index = 0 | 52 | 1.73 ± 2.47 | 1.04–2.42 | 0 | 2.78 | 0.36 |
CPI Index > 0 | 285 | 3.56 ± 7.01 | 2.74–4.38 | 0 | 4.17 | |
Malocclusion | 86 | 3.1 ± 7.5 | 1.5–4.7 | 0 | 4.5 | 0.37 |
No malocclusion | 251 | 3.3 ± 6.1 | 2.5–4.1 | 0 | 4.1 | |
No incisor crowding | 249 | 3.37 ± 6.98 | 2.50–4.24 | 0 | 4.17 | 0.90 |
Incisor crowding | 88 | 3.01 ± 5.17 | 1.91–4.11 | 0 | 2.78 | |
No incisor diastema | 278 | 3.39 ± 6.89 | 2.58–4.21 | 0 | 4.17 | 0.88 |
Incisor diastema | 59 | 2.73 ± 4.67 | 1.51–3.94 | 0 | 2.78 | |
No increased overbite | 226 | 3.52 ± 7.30 | 2.57–4.48 | 0 | 4.17 | 0.68 |
Increased overbite | 111 | 2.77 ± 4.66 | 1.89–3.65 | 0 | 4.17 | |
No increased overjet | 219 | 3.19 ± 6.49 | 2.33–4.06 | 0 | 4.17 | 0.56 |
Increased overjet | 118 | 3.43 ± 6.69 | 2.21–4.66 | 0 | 2.78 | |
No anterior open bite | 315 | 3.21 ± 6.65 | 2.47–3.95 | 0 | 2.78 | 0.12 |
Anterior open bite | 22 | 4.22 ± 4.93 | 2.04–6.41 | 0 | 8.33 | |
No posterior crossbite | 310 | 3.19 ± 6.41 | 2.47–3.91 | 0 | 2.78 | 0.33 |
Posterior crossbite | 27 | 4.28 ± 8.10 | 1.06–7.47 | 0 | 4.17 | |
Angle’s Class I | 111 | 2.6 ± 5.1 | 1.6–3.6 | 0 | 2.7 | 0.04 |
Angle’s Class II | 121 | 3.6 ± 5.2 | 2.7–4.6 | 1.3 | 5.5 | |
Angle’s Class III | 105 | 3.4 ± 8.8 | 1.7–5.1 | 0 | 2.7 |
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Alvarez-Azaustre, M.P.; Greco, R.; Llena, C. Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life as Measured with the Child-OIDP Index and Oral Health Status in Spanish Adolescents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12450. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph191912450
Alvarez-Azaustre MP, Greco R, Llena C. Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life as Measured with the Child-OIDP Index and Oral Health Status in Spanish Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12450. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph191912450
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlvarez-Azaustre, María Paloma, Rossana Greco, and Carmen Llena. 2022. "Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life as Measured with the Child-OIDP Index and Oral Health Status in Spanish Adolescents" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12450. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph191912450