Impressic Acid Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions by Inhibiting ERK1/2-Mediated Phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT1
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. IPA Attenuated DNCB-Induced AD-Like Skin Severity in Mice
2.2. IPA Attenuated DNCB-Induced Increased Levels of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) in Serum and Ear Lesions
2.3. IPA Suppressed the DNCB-Increased mRNA Levels of Th1/Th2 Cytokines and Chemokines in Ear Lesions
2.4. IPA Inhibited the DNCB-Induced Increased Activation of NF-κB in Ear Lesions
2.5. IPA Suppressed the TNF-α/IFN-γ-Induced Increased mRNA Levels of TSLP, TARC and MDC in Keratinocytes
2.6. IPA Inhibited TNF-α/IFN-γ-Induced NF-κB, MAPK, and STAT1 Activation in Keratinocytes
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Reagents
4.2. Animals and Treatment
4.3. Histopathological Analysis of Ear Tissue
4.4. Measurement of Ear Thickness
4.5. ELISA
4.6. Cell Culture and Treatment
4.7. Assays of Cell Viability and Cytotoxicity
4.8. RNA Extraction and Quantitative Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR
4.9. Transient Transfection and Luciferase Assay
4.10. Western Blotting
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AD | Atopic dermatitis |
DNCB | 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene |
ERK1/2 | Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase |
IFN-γ | Interferon-gamma |
IgE | Immunoglobulin E |
IL-4 | Interleukin-4 |
IL-5 | Interleukin-5 |
IL-13 | Interleukin-13 |
IPA | Impressic acid |
IκBα | Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B |
MDC | Macrophage derived chemokine |
NF-κB | Nuclear factor-kappa B |
STAT1 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 |
TARC | Thymus and activation regulated Chemokine |
TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha |
TSLP | Thymic stromal lymphopoietin |
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Choi, J.H.; Lee, G.H.; Jin, S.W.; Kim, J.Y.; Hwang, Y.P.; Han, E.H.; Kim, Y.H.; Jeong, H.G. Impressic Acid Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions by Inhibiting ERK1/2-Mediated Phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT1. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 2334. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22052334
Choi JH, Lee GH, Jin SW, Kim JY, Hwang YP, Han EH, Kim YH, Jeong HG. Impressic Acid Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions by Inhibiting ERK1/2-Mediated Phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT1. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(5):2334. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22052334
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Jae Ho, Gi Ho Lee, Sun Woo Jin, Ji Yeon Kim, Yong Pil Hwang, Eun Hee Han, Young Ho Kim, and Hye Gwang Jeong. 2021. "Impressic Acid Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions by Inhibiting ERK1/2-Mediated Phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT1" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5: 2334. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22052334